What is fish detection

The rate of female breast cancer increases every year around the world, and the 47fish test provides an effective means of detecting malignant tumors such as female breast cancer. The core of the Ffish detection process is the detection of HER2, which plays an indispensable regulatory role in cells, so it has very important guiding significance for the treatment of female breast cancer. Choosing the right treatment plan not only reduces the patient's pain, but also provides health protection for women.

HER2 and breast cancer

Breast cancer has the highest incidence among female malignant tumors and is increasing rapidly at a rate of 3% to 4% per year. It has become the number one killer of women. Clinically, approximately 20-35% of invasive breast cancers have HER2 gene amplification and high protein expression. The HER2 gene (also known as HER2/neu, c-erbB-2) is located at 17q12 and is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family. The HER family plays an important regulatory role in cell physiological processes. HER2 encodes a transmembrane receptor-like protein with a relative molecular weight of 185KD and tyrosine kinase activity. HER2 is an important prognostic factor for breast cancer. HER2-positive (overexpressed or amplified) breast cancer has special clinical characteristics and biological behaviors, and its treatment model is also very different from other types of breast cancer.

Detection significance

1. Determine the prognosis: HER2-positive breast cancer is highly invasive, has a short disease-free survival period, and has a poor prognosis.

2. Guiding treatment: Breast cancer patients with HER2 gene amplification are resistant to endocrine therapy drugs (such as tamoxifen). Breast cancer patients with HER2 gene amplification are insensitive to the CMF regimen and should be treated with high-dose anthracyclines and paclitaxel regimens. Breast cancer patients with HER2 gene amplification clearly benefit from targeted drug therapy such as Herceptin (approved by the FDA in 2001).

Which patients need HER2 testing in clinical practice?

1. All primary invasive breast cancers should be tested for HER2;

2. As long as tumor tissue can be obtained, HER2 testing should also be performed on recurrent or metastatic lesions;

3. If the HER2 test result is negative, but the disease recurs and the biological behavior suggests that it may be a HER2-positive tumor, the HER2 test should be repeated;

4. If the HER2 test results are inconsistent with the histopathological characteristics, such as HER2-positive invasive breast cancer with histological grade I, HER2 testing should be repeated.

The limitations of FISH testing are

1. It is necessary to obtain the corresponding probe for the chromosome abnormality.

2. The sensitivity of detection for monosomy or deletion is lower than that for trisomy.

3. Paraffin embedding or frozen sectioning of solid tumors or lymph nodes is difficult.

4. One hybridization can only detect one or several abnormalities, and it cannot simultaneously detect abnormalities in the number and structure of chromosomes in the entire genome like conventional karyotype analysis.