How should colorectal adenomas be examined?

The appearance of colorectal adenoma actually indicates the presence of polyps or polyp tissue in the digestive tract, which is extremely harmful to the health of the rectum because colorectal adenoma can easily cause lesions. Generally, the examination of colorectal adenomas can be performed through a speculum. It is best for patients to go to a regular hospital for the examination so that the results of the examination will be more accurate.

Colorectal adenoma refers to the growths in the digestive tract collectively known as polyps, and adenoma is a serious lesion that gradually evolves from the tissue, morphology, and structure of the polyp. Authoritative data reports that it takes about 5 to 7 years for the malignant transformation to occur. All types of polyps and tumors in the digestive tract belong to the classic Chinese medicine theory that "long-term accumulation of toxins will cause tumors." If the old method of cutting leeks is used for treatment, it can only achieve temporary relief and delay recurrence. If toxins are not removed from the body, the disease will be difficult to cure.

Colorectal adenoma refers to a raised lesion that protrudes from the surface of the rectal mucosa into the intestinal cavity, including adenomas (including villous adenomas), juvenile polyps, inflammatory polyps and polyposis. From a pathological point of view, the contents vary, some are benign tumors, and some are the consequences of inflammatory hyperplasia. Distinguishing the nature of colorectal adenomas is an important guarantee for the selection of surgical treatment options and the patient's prognosis.

① Fragility: Polyps that bleed easily when touched with a speculum or instrument during examination are mostly malignant polyps. The opposite is benign.

② Ulcers: Polyps generally do not have ulcers, but when they become malignant, ulcers may form. In particular, polyps with pedicles generally do not cause ulcers. Once ulcers occur, it indicates that they have malignant changes.

③ Activity: Solid, firm, sessile polyps are prone to malignant transformation, while pedunculated and active polyps are less likely to become malignant.

④ Appearance: lobed polyps are more likely to become malignant, while smooth and round ones are less likely to become malignant.

⑤ Base : Polyps with a large base and a small head are very likely to become malignant.

⑥ Type: Those with pedicles are mostly tubular adenomas, which have a relatively low rate of canceration.

⑦ Size: Polyps that enlarge or are larger are more likely to become malignant. Polyps that do not increase significantly are less likely to become malignant.

Causes

Researchers at the University of Washington reported at the 2006 Digestive Disease Week that women with type 2 diabetes have an 80% increased risk of developing colorectal adenomas compared with women without diabetes. The presence of diabetes plus obesity more than doubles the risk of colorectal adenomas and adenomas detected at a more advanced stage compared with nonobese, nondiabetic women.

Jill E. Elwing, MD, and colleagues studied 100 women with type 2 diabetes and 500 women without diabetes who underwent screening colonoscopy. The mean age of patients in the diabetic group was 60 years, 41% were white, and 10% had a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer. The mean body mass index was 34.4, and 29% used insulin. The hormonal status of the nondiabetic control group was comparable. The mean age was 59 years, 68% were white, the mean BMI was 28.5, and 7% had a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer.

Any adenoma that was villous or tubulovillous and greater than 1 cm in diameter or advanced adenoma, or any high-grade dysplasia met the definition of adenoma for this study. The incidence of adenoma was 37% in diabetic women and 24% in nondiabetic women. So the odds are 1.80. The incidence of advanced adenomas was 14% in diabetic women and 6% in nondiabetic women, with an odds ratio of 2.4. Compared with nonobese, nondiabetic women, obese women with diabetes had an odds ratio of 2.6 for any adenoma and 3.5 for advanced adenoma.