What is Gaocai

In our country, there are many types of vegetables, which are classified according to their nutritional functions. Vegetables in the south and the north are also different, so we often see differences in vegetables between the north and the south. In fact, vegetables like Gaocai are vegetable varieties introduced from Japan. They have a crisp taste and a relatively fresh taste. They can be seen on the market, but they have not been seen in some areas. What kind of vegetable is Gaocai?

Kaocai is a mustard vegetable of the genus Brassica in the family Cruciferae, and is an annual or biennial herb.

It is native to China and is a variety of leaf mustard Brassica juncea. After being introduced to Japan, it was called "Chinese wild vegetable" and was bred into several varieties such as Sanchi Akasuo Myanmar mustard and cabbage mustard. At present, Gaocai has become the main variety of processed pickled vegetables exported from Zhejiang Province to Japan and Southeast Asia.

The processed kaocai has a fresh and tender texture, short fibers, golden color, crisp texture and delicious taste. It is rich in various amino acids and vitamins needed by the human body. Since the introduction of Sanchi Chisuo Myanmar Cai in Ningbo in the 1990s, the planting scale has reached 670 hm2. The average fresh vegetable yield of Gaocai per 667 m2 is 5,000 to 6,000 kg, with an output value of more than 1,500 yuan. It is one of the ideal varieties for local structural adjustment and development of export-oriented agriculture.

Introduction

Gaocai is a cruciferous salted vegetable variety introduced from Japan, with an output of more than 5,000 kilograms per mu. Its salted product is crisp and delicious, and is a top quality product in both the export and domestic markets.

Cultivation techniques

Seedling cultivation

Seeding and seedling raising are carried out in early October, and the seedlings are about 30 days old. Each acre of Honda requires 0.15 acres of seedling bed. After the seedling bed is plowed, 7.5 kg of 25% three-element compound fertilizer and 100 kg of decomposed human and animal manure are applied, and 10 ml of 48% Lesben emulsifiable concentrate is used to control underground pests. Because the amount of seeds used is small, you can mix it with fine soil and spread it evenly during sowing. After sowing, cover it with moist fine soil and manure, and then cover it with fresh straw and remove it after 48 hours.

The growth of cabbage seedlings is slow in the early stage, so pay attention to watering, manually pull out weeds, and strictly prohibit the use of herbicides; use avermectin, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos to control insect pests; use 70% methyl thiophanate 600-800 times diluted solution to control diseases twice.

Making beds and transplanting

The previous crop of Honda should be selected in the fields with fertile and mature soil such as early and medium rice, beans, and vegetables. After plowing the field, apply 2500 kg of compost and 75 kg of 25% three-element compound fertilizer. After applying the base fertilizer, the cultivation bed is made into a 0.90-meter-wide bed and a 0.33-meter-wide ditch. Two rows are dug in each bed, with a row-plant spacing of 50 cm × 40 cm, and 3,000 holes are dug per mu.

In early to mid-November, seedlings are transplanted when they have 4 leaves and 1 heart. Water the seedbed thoroughly the day before transplanting, transplant with soil, plant large seedlings and keep small seedlings, do not use weak and weak seedlings, plant one seedling in each bed, and use diluted manure water to establish roots after planting.

manage

1. Water and fertilizer. After the plants are alive, use 5 kg of urea, 150-250 kg of decomposed human and animal manure and 1250 kg of water per mu of field to apply seedling fertilizer, so that the seedlings can grow 2 new leaves before winter; in mid-December, use 10 kg of potassium fertilizer and an appropriate amount of human and animal manure (or biogas slurry) per mu of field to apply cold-resistant fertilizer once; in mid-to-late January, use 5 kg of potassium fertilizer, 250-350 kg of human and animal manure and 1500 kg of water per mu of field to apply winter fertilizer; in late February, use 20 kg of urea per mu of field to apply spring fertilizer once; in early and mid-March, use 5 kg of urea again to apply growth fertilizer in combination with watering. As March approaches, the temperature gradually rises and the cabbage enters a period of rapid growth, so the bed surface must be kept moist.

2. Cultivate and weed, clear ditches and drain water. Before winter, the land should be tilled twice, combined with weeding and soiling to cover the roots; the three ditches (side ditch, waist ditch, drainage ditch) should be well matched to ensure that the ditches are dry after the rain.

3. Prevent and control diseases and insect pests. The main pest of cabbage in winter is aphids, which can be controlled with 10% of Da Gong Chen; after the "rosette stage", use 600 times diluted 75% Benomyl to control downy mildew twice.