What are the common sports injuries?

Most of our friends love sports, because sports can bring us a lot of happiness and can also exercise our bodies well. There are many forms of sports, but many friends are more prone to sports injuries when exercising. Many people don’t know much about it. Let’s take a look at what they are!

1. Soft tissue injury This type of injury can be divided into two categories: open and closed injuries. The former include abrasions, puncture wounds and cuts; the latter include bruises and muscle strains.

a. Abrasion: Injury caused by falling or friction between skin and equipment during sports. Skin bleeding or tissue fluid exudation after abrasion. For small abrasions, just apply mercurochrome to the wound; for large abrasions, first wash with saline, then apply mercurochrome, and then cover and bandage with sterilized gauze.

b. Tear: A sudden strong impact during strenuous exercise causes muscle tearing, which includes open and closed injuries. Common ones include eyebrow tear, Achilles muscle tear, etc. For mild open wounds, just apply mercurochrome; if the wound is large, you need to stop the bleeding and suture it, and if necessary, inject tetanus antitoxin serum.

c. Muscle strain: Under the action of external force, the muscles actively contract or passively stretch excessively, causing muscle strain. This type of injury is mostly caused by insufficient warm-up, uncoordinated movements, or excessive force. After the injury, for mild cases, immediately apply cold compress, local pressure, bandage, and elevate the affected limb. Massage can be performed after 24 hours. For severe cases, if the muscle is completely torn, pressurize the patient and send him to the hospital immediately for surgery.

2. Joint and ligament sprains

a. Acute lumbar injury. Injuries may occur during exercise due to excessive force on the waist, uncoordinated muscle contractions, or spinal movement exceeding the normal physiological range. For example, long jump with a straight body, excessive abdominal extension when weightlifting, excessive backward swing of the lower limbs when diving, etc. For minor injuries, you can gently massage. For seriously ill patients, the patient should be laid flat immediately (generally, he/she should not be moved at will) and escorted to the hospital for treatment on a stretcher. After treatment, you should sleep on a hard bed or put a pillow behind your waist. Keep the muscles and ligaments in a relaxed state and massage can be performed after 24 hours.

b. Ankle sprain. Ankle sprains are usually caused by losing balance when jumping and landing, causing the ankle to turn inward or outward excessively. Ankle sprains can also be caused by an inappropriate venue or uncoordinated movements. After a sprain, the injured area will swell, hurt, and bleed under the skin. If the pain is severe and you cannot stand or walk, you may have a fracture. The post-injury treatment is basically the same as the treatment for finger contusion mentioned above. If the injury is serious, the patient should be sent to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment immediately. For general sports injuries, the "RICEC treatment method" is generally adopted.

3. Treatment of heat stroke

a. Move the person suffering from heat stroke to a well-ventilated and cool place b. If the body temperature is high, wipe with cold water and apply cold compress c. If the person is unconscious, make him/her lie on his/her side to ensure that the airway is unobstructed d. If the person suffering from heat stroke asks for water, give him/her light salt water

4. Treatment of anemia

a. Raise the feet b. Loosen the clothes c. Keep the whole body warm d. If unconscious, make the person lie on his side

The above are the more common sports injuries. Friends who like sports must pay more attention to them. Although it is good to be fond of sports, it is also necessary to do a series of defensive work when exercising. Try to minimize the damage to our body. This is very important.