What to do if nodular goiter becomes malignant

Malignant transformation of nodular goiter is one of the very serious problems that people may not be aware of. Well, in response to this, today, we will first introduce to you the causes of malignant transformation of nodular goiter, and how we should treat it when it occurs. I hope this will be of some help to friends in need.

Causes

Toxic nodular goiter is often secondary to nodular goiter or thyroid tumor (hyperfunctioning adenoma or toxic thyroid tumor), accounting for a small proportion of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid nodules or adenomas may exist for a long time, resulting in autonomous secretory dysfunction. Sometimes the onset of hyperthyroidism is relatively sudden. Due to the increased iodine intake, the secretion of autonomous thyroid hormones increases, resulting in the typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

treat

1. Surgery

Surgery is the treatment of choice for toxic nodular goiter. Surgery can quickly remove non-functional nodules in the thyroid gland (which do not take up iodine and are ineffective for I treatment) and fibrotic and calcified lesions. It rarely causes hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism rarely recurs after surgery. It is a safe and effective treatment. The scope of the operation does not need to be too large. One side of the gland lobe can be removed or one side of the gland lobe subtotal removed. After the operation, the thyroid tissue outside the nodule can quickly restore its function.

2. Isotope I radiotherapy

I treatment can be used for patients in poor general condition who cannot tolerate anesthesia and surgery. Although I treatment is convenient and safe, since the thyroid iodine uptake ability of such patients is poorer than that of patients with Graves' disease, a larger dose is required to be effective, and multiple doses are often required. Therefore, some patients are unwilling to accept it. In addition, I treatment cannot significantly reduce the goiter, so it is only suitable for patients with serious organic lesions in important organs who cannot tolerate surgery.

3. Medication

The long-term remission rate after treatment with thiourea drugs is very low and they are only used as auxiliary medications before surgery.

4. Treatment of comorbidities

The treatment of hyperthyroidism combined with hyperthyroid heart disease must be approached from two aspects, that is, actively controlling the symptoms of hyperthyroidism while treating the heart, so that the patient's heart condition can be completely improved. Propranolol and digoxin can be used to control cardiac symptoms. Since the renal clearance of digoxin is accelerated in hyperthyroidism, the dose should be slightly higher when starting treatment. Hyperthyroidism can be controlled by radioactive I therapy or surgical treatment. Hyperthyroidism combined with heart failure is not a contraindication to surgery. The surgery is quite safe with adequate preparation, and the patient's heart condition can improve quickly after thyroidectomy.

The malignant transformation of nodular goiter requires careful treatment. In fact, when facing the disease, the most important thing is to build confidence, rather than complaining about the world and giving up on yourself. A good attitude is also the key to successful treatment. It is recommended that everyone deepen their understanding of the malignant transformation of nodular goiter, and then defeat it mentally first.