What does urine protein 1+ and urine white blood cells 1+ mean?

When you go to the hospital for a check-up due to illness, urine testing is a common test. You may have seen the results of the test. In addition to some medical terms, there are some plus and minus signs and some numbers. So what do these symbols mean? For example, urine protein 1+ and urine white blood cells 1+, what do these two test results mean? Let’s look at this information below.

1. Routine urine analysis is a test we often do. Most hospitals use urine analyzers for testing. There are currently 10, 11 or 12 test items, and the report format is not uniform. It contains both "+" (positive), "-" (negative), and numbers, and the units of the test items are also different.

2. Some items on the routine urine analysis test report will be followed by “+” or “+++”... or numbers, indicating different degrees. This is called a positive result in medicine. On the contrary, “-” is called a negative result. When reading the report, you should analyze it objectively, because there are many interfering factors that affect the accuracy of the test results, such as dietary factors, some interfering substances in urine, etc. When abnormalities are found in routine urine tests, please do not be too nervous or worried; similarly, when test results are inconsistent with clinical manifestations, do not be blindly optimistic. Be sure to cooperate with the clinician for further examination and analysis to avoid delaying the diagnosis of the disease.

3. A normal urine routine examination usually shows no protein, or only a trace amount. Increased and persistent urine protein is often seen in kidney disease. However, proteinuria may occasionally occur during fever, strenuous exercise, and pregnancy. Therefore, when there is protein in the urine, follow-up observation is necessary to determine the cause.

4. When there are more than 5 white blood cells in urine under each high-power microscope field of view, it is called leukocyturia. When there are a large number of white blood cells, it is called pyuria, which indicates urinary tract infection, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.

I don't know if you understand it. The plus sign in the urine test results indicates a positive result, which means that there is a problem in a certain part of the body. Further examination is needed to determine where the problem is. The minus sign in the test results indicates a negative result, which is a normal signal, which means that the body's individual indicators are normal.