What does a genital examination or female genital examination include?

With the development of society today, many people's minds have become very open, but there are still quite a number of people who have conservative ideas. They know very little about genitals, and when they need to do genital examinations for some reasons, they seem a little overwhelmed and don't know how to cooperate with the doctor. Today, experts will introduce you to the female genital examination items. Let's learn about it together.

Genitals are still very mysterious in people's eyes. If you don't know anything about genital examinations, you will be very nervous when you go to the hospital for examination, which will have an adverse effect on the results of the examination. Below, experts will introduce female genital examination items.

Female genital examination mainly includes examination of female gynecological diseases, such as examination of the vulva, vagina, uterus, adnexa and other parts.

Genital examination

Normal vulva, pubic hair with downward-pointing tips and triangular distribution, labia majora pigmentation, labia minora slightly red, no ulcers, dermatitis, growths or hypopigmentation in the perineum, clitoral length <2.5cm, light pink mucosa around the urethral opening, no growths. Married women have old cracks in their hymen, and pregnant women have old cracks in their hymen and perineum, or there may be incision scars in the perineum. If necessary, the doctor will ask the patient to hold his breath and look for bulging of the anterior and posterior vaginal walls, uterine prolapse, or urinary incontinence.

Vaginal examination

The vaginal wall mucosa is light pink in color and has wrinkles, without ulcers, growths, cysts, vaginal septum, double vagina or other congenital malformations. Normal vaginal discharge is egg white-like or white paste, has no fishy smell, and is in small amounts, but increases during ovulation and pregnancy. If there are any abnormalities, the patient will have corresponding clinical symptoms, namely local itching, burning sensation, etc. The doctor will record them in detail and conduct tests.

Cervical examination

A normal cervix has bulges around the periphery and a hole in the middle. The shape of the navel for non-pregnant women is round, while that for pregnant women is "I"-shaped, tough, flesh-red, and has a smooth surface. If the examination is normal, it means that it is light, of medium quality, without itching or pain, etc. If abnormalities are found, the degree of erosion (mild, moderate, or none), the degree of cervical hypertrophy, and the size and location of the growth will be described in detail.

Examination of the uterus and adnexa

The normal uterus is inverted pear-shaped, 7 to 8 cm long, 4 to 5 cm wide, and 2 to 3 cm thick. Most are in an anteversion and anteflexion position, with a medium hardness and good mobility. The ovaries and fallopian tubes are collectively called the "appendages." A normal ovary can occasionally expand to a size of 3×2×1cm3, is movable, and feels slightly sore and swollen when touched. Normal fallopian tubes cannot be palpated. If it is a "median" or "posterior" uterus and there are no obvious clinical symptoms, it is not a big deal.

After reading the introduction of the above experts, we have some understanding of the female genital examination items. Generally speaking, married women are more susceptible to gynecological diseases, so they undergo genital examinations more often, while unmarried women do so less often. During the examination, women should pay attention to cooperating with the doctor and not be too nervous, otherwise it may affect the doctor's judgment.