Symptoms of heel melanoma

Heel melanoma is a tumor caused by malignant proliferation of melanocytes in the skin. Typical symptoms include asymmetric, unclearly bordered, and light-dark pigmented patches or nodules on the heel. Heel melanoma is common in the elderly and those who are exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time. Early detection and treatment can improve the cure rate.

1. Symptoms

Typical symptoms of heel melanoma include pigmented plaques or nodules that may be black, brown, blue, or red, asymmetrical, and with blurred borders. Plaques may be accompanied by itching, pain, or ulceration, and may bleed or crust over on the surface. Some patients may experience localized skin thickening or nodules, or even new pigmented spots around satellite lesions.

2. Causes and risk factors

The incidence of heel melanoma is related to many factors. Genetic factors: People with a family history of melanoma are at higher risk. Environmental factors: Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the main cause. Physiological factors: People with fair skin and a large number of moles are more likely to develop the disease. Trauma: Repeated friction or injury to the heel may induce cancer. Other diseases: A weakened immune system or chronic inflammation may increase the risk.

3. Diagnosis and treatment

Early diagnosis is the key to improving the cure rate. Dermoscopy can observe the morphological characteristics of pigmented spots, and tissue biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis. Treatment methods include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. Surgical resection is the first choice, and the tumor and surrounding tissues must be completely removed to prevent recurrence. Radiotherapy is suitable for patients who cannot undergo surgery, and targeted therapy can improve the efficacy by inhibiting the growth of tumor cells.

4. Prevention and care

The key to preventing heel melanoma is to reduce ultraviolet exposure, use sunscreen when going out, and avoid long-term friction on the heel skin. Regularly self-examine the skin of the feet and seek medical attention in time if abnormal pigment patches are found. After surgery, patients need to keep the wound clean, avoid infection, and regularly review and monitor for recurrence.

Although heel melanoma is rare, early detection and treatment are crucial. Patients should be vigilant, seek medical attention promptly and follow the doctor's advice for standardized treatment.