How many people suffer from testicular cancer?

Testicular cancer has a relatively low incidence rate, but is more common in young men, especially those aged 15 to 35. Its causes may be related to genetics, environmental factors, physiological changes, and trauma. Treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

1. Genetic factors

The incidence of testicular cancer is related to heredity. Men with a family history of testicular cancer may have a higher risk of the disease. Gene mutations, such as abnormalities in the KIT gene and KRAS gene, may increase the probability of disease. Men with a family history are advised to undergo regular physical examinations, especially testicular ultrasound examinations, to detect abnormalities early.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to certain chemicals or radiation may increase the risk of testicular cancer. For example, men who work in chemical, paint or pesticide-related occupations need to take protective measures. Smoking and alcohol abuse may also have a negative impact on testicular health. Improving lifestyle habits and reducing exposure to harmful substances can help reduce the risk of disease.

3. Physiological factors

Cryptorchidism is one of the important risk factors for testicular cancer. Men whose testicles have not descended into the scrotum have a significantly increased risk of cancer. If cryptorchidism is not treated promptly before puberty, the risk may be further increased. Parents are advised to pay attention to the genital development of boys and seek medical attention in time if any problems are found.

4. Trauma

If the testicles are hit or damaged by external forces, it may cause inflammation or abnormal tissue proliferation, increasing the risk of cancer. Pay attention to protecting the testicles during exercise or work and avoid violent collisions. If testicular pain or swelling occurs, seek medical attention in time.

5. Pathological factors

Testicular cancer usually develops from the reproductive cells in the testicles and is divided into two types: seminoma and non-seminoma. Early symptoms may not be obvious, but enlarged testicles, lumps or heaviness are common manifestations. After the diagnosis is confirmed, the doctor will develop a treatment plan based on the condition.

Treatment options include:

Surgery: Radical orchiectomy is the main treatment, in which the affected testicle is removed to stop the cancer from spreading.

Radiation therapy: For seminoma, radiation therapy is effective in killing any remaining cancer cells.

Chemotherapy: For advanced or metastatic testicular cancer, chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin and etoposide can help control the disease.

Although the incidence of testicular cancer is not high, early detection and treatment are crucial. Young men should pay attention to their own health, regularly self-examine their testicles, and seek medical attention in time if abnormalities are found. Through scientific treatment and a healthy lifestyle, the cure rate of testicular cancer is high, and patients can return to normal life.