How to check for lung cancer

How to check for lung cancer:

Lung cancer can be diagnosed by:

1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) MRI has certain value in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. Its advantage is that it can display the mediastinal anatomy in the sagittal and coronal planes, and can clearly show the relationship between the central tumor and the blood vessels of the surrounding organs without contrast imaging, so as to determine whether the tumor invades or compresses the blood vessels. If it exceeds 1/2 of the circumference, it is difficult to remove. If it exceeds 3/4 of the circumference, no surgical examination is required. When the tumor invades the soft tissue, MRI can also show it clearly, and it is most valuable for the evaluation of superior pulmonary sulcus tumors. In terms of examining the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes, MRI is similar to CT and can clearly show enlarged lymph nodes, but the specificity is poor.

2. Positive bronchoscopy detection such as swelling, stenosis, ulcer, etc. and brush cytology, bite biopsy, local lavage, etc. This examination is generally safe, and 9% to 29% report bleeding after biopsy. Be cautious when encountering suspected cancer and tumors with rich blood supply, and it is best to avoid biopsy trauma.

3ECT examination ECT bone imaging is 3 to 6 months earlier than ordinary X-rays. If the lesion is found within 30% to 50% of the decalcified content of the mid-term bone lesion, the X-ray and bone imaging will be positive. If the lesion becomes static bone reaction and metabolism is inactive, the negative X-ray will be positive, complementing each other and improving the diagnosis rate.

4 When CT scan shows enlarged lymph nodes in groups 2, 4, and 7, such as those in front of the trachea, beside the trachea, and under the carina, mediastinoscopy should be performed under general anesthesia. Make a transverse incision at the concave part of the sternum, bluntly separate the soft tissue in front of the neck to the pretracheal space, and then bluntly free the anterior tracheal passage. Place the observation scope and slowly pass it behind the innominate artery to observe the enlarged lymph nodes in the paratrachea, tracheobronchial angle, and under the carina. Use special biopsy forceps to dissect and peel to obtain living tissue.