How is ovarian cancer caused

Ovarian cancer is a general term for ovarian malignant tumors, and together with cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, it is known as the three major gynecological malignancies. The most common is ovarian epithelial cancer, accounting for 85-90%, which is common in middle-aged and elderly women, such as serous cystadenocarcinoma accounting for 75% of epithelial cancer, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma accounting for 20% of epithelial cancer, and ovarian endometrioid cancer accounting for 2% of epithelial cancer.

The cause of ovarian cancer is still unclear. In the past, the tumor originated from the hair epithelium on the surface of the ovary, from the primitive coelomic epithelium, with the potential to differentiate into various seedling epithelia, differentiate into the fallopian tube epithelium, form serous tumors such as serous cystadenocarcinoma; differentiate into the cervical mucosa, form mucinous tumors such as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; differentiate into the endometrium, form endometrioid tumors such as ovarian endometrioid carcinoma. However, in recent years, the above classical theory has been questioned. At present, some scholars have proposed the hypothesis of continuous ovulation: continuous ovulation constantly damages and repairs the epithelium on the surface of the ovary, including genetic mutations of cystic epithelial cells that may occur on the surface of the ovary and its invagination, thereby inducing ovarian cancer. 5-10% of ovarian epithelial cancers have a family history or genetic history. The vast majority of hereditary ovarian cancers are related to BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations and are associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome.

The cause of ovarian cancer is still unclear. In the past, the tumor originated from the hair epithelium on the surface of the ovary, from the primitive coelomic epithelium, with the potential to differentiate into various seedling epithelia, differentiate into the fallopian tube epithelium, form serous tumors such as serous cystadenocarcinoma; differentiate into the cervical mucosa, form mucinous tumors such as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma; differentiate into the endometrium, form endometrioid tumors such as ovarian endometrioid carcinoma. However, in recent years, the above classical theory has been questioned. At present, some scholars have proposed the hypothesis of continuous ovulation: continuous ovulation constantly damages and repairs the epithelium on the surface of the ovary, including genetic mutations of cystic epithelial cells that may occur on the surface of the ovary and its invagination, thereby inducing ovarian cancer. 5-10% of ovarian epithelial cancers have a family history or genetic history. The vast majority of hereditary ovarian cancers are related to BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations and are associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome.

Clinically, because the ovaries are located deep in the pelvic cavity, early lesions are difficult to detect, and there is currently a lack of highly sensitive and specific ovarian cancer screening programs. Hereditary ovarian cancer syndrome HOCS Currently, preventive oophorectomy can reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer.