What are the typical complications of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a serious disease that troubles men's health and is prone to complications. So what are the complications of prostate cancer? What is the diagnosis method of prostate cancer?

Complications of prostate cancer

Abnormal secretion

It is mainly caused by abnormal secretion of prostatic fluid (white drops of urine, white drops of stool, frequent urination, urgency, waiting to urinate, forked urine, weak urination, and frequent urination at night).

Changes in prostate enzymes

Semen does not liquefy or liquefies too quickly (mainly the result of the interaction between prostatic fluid and seminal vesicles).

Changes in lecithin

Prostatic cysts generally cause semen abnormalities (weak sperm, low semen activity, and deformities) and changes in sexual function (patients with a long course of the disease will have symptoms of impotence, premature ejaculation, and weak ejaculation).

Difficulty passing stool

Pressure on the rectum can cause difficulty in defecation. Congenital cysts are often accompanied by hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and renal dysgenesis or agenesis.

Abnormal urination

The main manifestation is abnormal urination (frequent urination, urgent urination, waiting for urination, bifurcated urine, weak urination). Some people may have symptoms of weak ejaculation, but there will be no symptoms in the early stage.

What are the causes of prostate cancer?

Nutritional factors

A high-fat diet is a risk factor for prostate cancer, especially red meat. Linoleic acid is often associated with prostate cancer, while fat from fish and dairy products has less impact. There is a dose-response relationship between prostate cancer and total fat, carotene, selenium, saturated fatty acids, and animal fat intake. Retinol, in particular, can increase the incidence of prostate cancer.

Age Factor

The incidence of prostate cancer increases with age. The incidence of prostate cancer is positively correlated with age. 95% of prostate cancer patients are between 45 and 90 years old, with an average of 70 years old. From 50 to 85 years old, the incidence rate increases by 21% to 65% for every 5 years of age increase. Prostate cancer is becoming younger.

Chemical factors

Prostate cancer is related to cadmium. Cadmium is a common heavy metal in industrial pollution. The main causes of prostate cancer are smoking and occupational exposure. People who have been engaged in chemical, dye, rubber and printing industries for a long time have a greater chance of being exposed to cadmium and are at greater risk of developing prostate cancer.

Sexual activity factors

Those who start sexual activity early and frequently during puberty have a greater risk of developing prostate cancer, and the later they lose their ability to have sex, the greater the risk. Masturbation is also related to prostate cancer. In addition, those who have sexually transmitted diseases or too many sexual partners have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer.

How to diagnose prostate cancer

Serum prostate-specific antigen (pSA) test

Serum prostate-specific antigen (pSA) test is currently the most sensitive indicator for screening prostate cancer. Under normal circumstances, the pSA in the blood is no higher than 4ng/ml. It increases when there is prostate cancer or other prostate diseases. If pSA increases and it is not obviously caused by inflammation or other influencing factors, prostate cancer is suspected.

Rectal ultrasound

Rectal ultrasound examination will affect the pSA results, so it should be performed after the pSA test. The ultrasound probe is placed into the rectum like a digital rectal examination to observe prostate lesions.

Prostate biopsy

Prostate biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing prostate cancer. If a patient feels a nodule during rectal examination, has elevated serum pSA, or has suspicious lesions found during ultrasound examination, he or she should undergo a transrectal prostate biopsy.

Digital rectal examination

Digital rectal examination is the simplest, most economical and practical method. If prostate nodules are found during digital rectal examination, prostate cancer is suspected and further examination should be performed.