Internal structure of the nose

The internal structure of the nose is still very complicated, but many people are not very clear about the structure inside their nose. So when their nose feels uncomfortable, they cannot make a judgment in the first time. In fact, the nasal cavity is very important to people, and it is also very fragile. If you are not careful, your nose will be infected by bacteria, which will cause nasal diseases.

The nose is composed of three parts: the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the paranasal sinuses. The external nose is located in the center of the face. The nasal cavity is a cavity located between the two sides of the skull. It is surrounded by paired paranasal sinuses on the top, back and sides. It is closely adjacent to the anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, oral cavity and eye sockets, and is separated from each other only by a thin bone plate. Therefore, severe nasal trauma may be accompanied by trauma to the surrounding structures, and nasal diseases may also spread to adjacent organs. The sinuses open into the nasal cavity, and the mucous membranes of the two merge into one.

The external nose is composed of bones and cartilages, covered with soft tissue and skin, and is slightly cone-shaped. It has several parts, including the nasal root, nasal apex, nasal bridge, nasal alae, anterior nares nostril, and nasal columella. The bony support of the external nose is composed of the nasal bone, the nasal process of the frontal bone, and the frontal process of the maxilla.

The nasal bones are paired on the left and right, connected at the midline, connected to the nasal process of the frontal bone above, and connected to the frontal process of the maxilla on both sides. The lower edge of the nasal bone, the inner edge of the frontal process of the maxilla and the free edge of the palatine process of the maxilla together form the pyriform aperture.

External nasal cartilage stent: It is composed of septal cartilage, lateral nasal cartilage, alar cartilage, etc. The cartilages are connected by connective tissue.

There is one greater alar cartilage on each side, with a horseshoe-shaped bottom surface and two inner and outer crus. The outer crus forms the support of the nose wing, and the two inner crus clamp the front and lower part of the nasal septum cartilage to form the main support of the columella.

The skin of the nose tip, nose wings and nasal vestibule is thicker and closely adhered to the subcutaneous tissue and perichondrium. It is rich in sebaceous glands and sweat glands and is a high-risk area for acne, acne and rosacea. When the furuncle becomes inflamed, there is slight swelling and severe pain.

The veins of the external nose flow into the internal and external jugular veins through the internal angular vein and facial vein. The internal angular vein communicates with the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins and finally flows into the intracranial cavernous sinus. The facial vein has no valves, so blood can flow up and down. If a boil in the nose or upper lip (called the dangerous triangle) is not treated properly or squeezed at will, there is a risk of serious intracranial complications such as cavernous sinus thrombosis.