How to prevent the sequelae of liver cancer surgery? Five common manifestations of complications after liver cancer surgery

In recent years, the main cause of death in liver cancer patients is the occurrence of various degrees of complications after surgery. Most of the complications after liver cancer surgery are caused by surgery. Therefore, paying attention to strengthening the prevention of complications after liver cancer surgery has important practical significance for improving the survival of liver cancer patients. Common clinical complications after liver cancer surgery are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1. Bleeding:

Bleeding is the most common complication during and after liver cancer surgery and is an important factor causing the high mortality rate of liver resection. The causes are mostly related to the complex anatomical location of the liver, rich blood, and fragile tissue. Patients need to pay special attention to it.

2. Subphrenic abscess:

After liver resection (especially when more than half of the liver is removed), due to the large wound surface and high exudate content, improper drainage during surgery, inadequate drainage after surgery, or premature removal of the drainage material after surgery may lead to secondary infection and formation of a subphrenic abscess.

3. Pneumonia and atelectasis:

It is more common on the right side, which is often related to factors such as long operation time, complex operation, severe trauma, elevated diaphragm, restricted respiratory movement or pre-existing chronic tracheitis.

4. Bile fistula:

Within a short period of time after liver resection, a small amount of bile may seep out from the cut surface and mix into the exudate of the wound, but it generally does not last for a long time. If it does not decrease for a week but increases day by day, it usually means that there is a large bile duct leakage or the ligature has fallen off, or local liver tissue necrosis has caused bile leakage, which should be paid special attention to.

5. Pleural effusion: Pleural effusion in patients after liver cancer surgery is mostly due to postoperative subdiaphragmatic effusion, postoperative liver dysfunction with moderate or above ascites, prolonged portal obstruction, cirrhosis, etc. Clinically, argon electrosurgery is often used to free the liver and the subdiaphragmatic wound is not routinely sutured to better prevent the occurrence of postoperative pleural effusion.

How to prevent the sequelae of liver cancer surgery?

Liver cancer surgery is to remove the cancerous liver area in an appropriate amount. Some patients with serious conditions have a larger liver area removed. There may be some sequelae after surgery, which is worth being vigilant about. So, how to prevent the sequelae of liver cancer surgery? Experts suggest that to prevent the sequelae of liver cancer surgery, the patient's postoperative monitoring should be strengthened.

1. Early postoperative bleeding is mostly due to incomplete hemostasis on the liver wound surface. The color, volume and composition of the drainage fluid should be closely observed after surgery;

2. Postoperative hypoproteinemia and rapidly increasing ascites, dilutional hyponatremia and hypoglycemia. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure should be increased and electrolyte balance should be maintained.

3. Liver resection causes a large wound and a lot of exudate. If the drainage is not smooth, fluid accumulation may form. Pay attention to drainage.