How to treat cervical precancerous lesions? What are the causes of cervical precancerous lesions?

Cervical cancer is the only cancer that has a known cause and has mature early screening methods. Unfortunately, women lack knowledge about cervical cancer and the "beauty killer" is still rampant. There are about 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer worldwide each year, including 13.5 million newly diagnosed patients each year. Patients under the age of 35 are increasingly common, and 80% of patients are already invasive cancer when diagnosed. Relevant experts said that if cervical cancer is diagnosed and treated early, there is still hope, because there is a precancerous lesion stage. So, what is the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions?

Treatment of cervical precancerous lesions HpV, the culprit of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system. Its incidence rate is second only to breast cancer and ranks second among female malignant tumors. Women are afraid of cervical cancer, but they don't know the root cause of cervical cancer. Professor He Mian, deputy director of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, said that papillomavirus (HpV) infection is the culprit of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. In other words, cervical cancer will not occur without HPV infection. HPV is mainly transmitted through sexual life, and can also be transmitted through contact with unclean utensils through reproductive organs, such as using unsterilized public toilets and bathtubs. Many women believe that only unclean sexual life can lead to HPV infection, but this is not the case. HPV is widely present in the daily environment. Even one-on-one sexual relationships can be infected with HPV through sex or mutual contact.

Cervical precancerous lesions ≠ cervical cancer

There are many incorrect descriptions of the symptoms of early cervical cancer on the Internet, such as "bleeding after sexual intercourse", "increased leucorrhea or abnormal color", etc. Early cervical cancer usually has no symptoms. When there are phenomena such as increased secretions and contact bleeding, it is usually in the middle and late stages. Therefore, the best prevention and control method is to conduct regular cervical screening, including routine gynecological examinations, cervical cytology examinations, etc.

Many women were frightened when they saw the scary name "cervical precancerous lesions" pop up on their test results, thinking that they had an incurable disease. In fact, there is no need to panic. Cervical precancerous lesions are also called "cervical intraepithelial neoplasia" (hereinafter referred to as CIN). During the precancerous lesion period, although the proliferating cells have a tendency to transform into cancer cells, they have not yet become typical cancer cells. In other words, cervical precancerous lesions ≠ cervical cancer.

Usually, doctors will classify CIN according to the degree of change in the patient's cervical epithelial cells. The lower the CIN, the greater the possibility of natural regression. Most patients with CIN grade 1 have the opportunity for natural reversal, and only need close follow-up or local physical therapy, such as electrocautery, laser, etc., which can be completed in the gynecological clinic. Patients with CIN grade 2 and CIN grade 3 can be treated with local excision. Common methods include cervical loop excision and cervical cone excision. Local excision of lesions can not only preserve reproductive function, but also achieve satisfactory treatment results. Of course, all patients with cervical precancerous lesions must return to the hospital for regular checkups after treatment to prevent recurrence.

Introduction to treatment methods for cervical precancerous lesions

1. Surgical treatment is an important means of treating cervical cancer. Unless the tumor is clinically estimated to be unresectable and there are contraindications to surgery, surgery should be performed first. It is difficult to remove the primary and metastatic lesions of cervical cancer by surgery, especially small nodules, which are prone to recurrence and metastasis after surgery.

2. Chemotherapy. In recent years, tumor chemotherapy has made rapid progress and plays an important role in the treatment of cervical cancer. Most cervical cancers respond well to chemotherapy, which plays a positive role in improving the treatment of cervical cancer. It can be used as an adjuvant treatment for surgery, often used before, during, and after surgery, but it often requires long-term intermittent medication, and sometimes has a greater toxic reaction to the human body.

3. Biological therapy. With the continuous development of medicine, tumor biological therapy has become a commonly used auxiliary treatment method in clinical practice and is recognized as a hope for completely killing tumor cells. Tumor biological therapy achieves the purpose of tumor treatment without destroying the function of the immune system. It mainly cultivates autologous immune cells through biotechnology to kill tumors, return to the body, and directly kill cancer cells. Different from traditional treatment methods, tumor biological therapy mainly mobilizes the body's natural anti-cancer ability and restores the balance of the internal environment.