What are the symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions? How to treat cervical precancerous lesions?

Patients with cervical precancerous lesions generally have no obvious symptoms, or only have general cervicitis symptoms, such as increased leucorrhea. Some people also complain of leucorrhea or a small amount of vaginal bleeding after sexual contact. Gynecological examinations show that the cervix is ​​smooth and has no obvious inflammation, or the cervix is ​​congested or eroded, with different degrees and ranges of erosion, and sometimes easy bleeding, which is not significantly different from general chronic cervicitis. The clinical manifestations of CIN are non-specific. Its symptoms and signs cannot be diagnosed alone, and the diagnosis is mainly based on histological examination.

Cervical dysplasia is a precancerous lesion. It is reversible, that is, some lesions can disappear naturally, but it is also progressive, that is, the lesions can develop and even become cancer. Its reversibility and progression are related to the scope and extent of the lesions. Mild dysplasia is significantly more likely to disappear naturally than moderate and severe dysplasia. Severe dysplasia is significantly more likely to develop into cancer than mild and moderate dysplasia. Some scholars also believe that mild cervical dysplasia is a benign abnormal proliferation that can naturally transform into normal.

What are the common symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions?

1. Vaginal bleeding: Irregular vaginal bleeding, especially contact bleeding (ie bleeding after sexual intercourse or gynecological examination) and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding are the main symptoms of cervical cancer patients. Cervical cancer bleeds earlier and more heavily.

2. Increased vaginal discharge: white and thin, watery, rice-water-like or bloody, with a fishy smell. When cancerous tissue ruptures and becomes infected, the discharge may be purulent and have a foul odor.

Early symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions

1. Vaginal bleeding.

Irregular vaginal bleeding is the main symptom of cervical cancer patients, especially after menopause. Vaginal bleeding can be more or less, and it is often caused by ruptured blood vessels in the tumor, especially vegetable tumors, which have early bleeding symptoms and large amounts. If bleeding is frequent, blood loss may lead to severe anemia.

2. Increased vaginal discharge.

This is the main symptom of patients with cervical cancer. It mainly occurs before vaginal bleeding. Initially, vaginal discharge may be odorless. As the cancer grows, secondary infection and necrosis of the cancer will increase the amount of discharge, such as rice washing water or mixed with blood, and have a foul odor. When the tumor spreads upward and involves the endometrium, the discharge is blocked by the cervical cancer tissue and cannot be discharged, which may form uterine effusion or uterine pyometra. Patients may experience lower abdominal discomfort, lower abdominal pain, back pain, and fever.

3. Frequent, urgent and painful urination.

When the cancer spreads forward, it can invade the bladder, and the patient will experience prolapse and frequent urination, urgency, pain, and hematuria. It is often misdiagnosed as a urinary tract infection and delayed diagnosis. In severe cases, a bladder-vaginal fistula may form. The cancer spreads backward and can invade the rectum, causing symptoms such as prolapse, difficulty defecating, tenesmus, and blood in the stool. Further development may lead to vaginal-rectal fistula. Distant metastasis may occur in the late stage of the disease. Different sites of metastasis will produce different symptoms. The most common is supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, where nodules or lumps appear. Tumor infiltration can spread to distant organs through blood vessels or lymphatic system, resulting in metastatic lesions in corresponding sites and corresponding symptoms.

4. Pain.

This is a symptom of advanced cervical cancer. The cancer extends along the paravertebral tissue, invades the pelvic wall, and compresses the peripheral nerves. The clinical manifestation is persistent pain in the sciatic nerve or one side of the sacral or iliac region. The tumor compresses or erodes the ureter, and the ureter is narrowed and blocked, leading to hydronephrosis, which manifests as unilateral low back pain or even severe pain, and further develops into renal failure and even uremia. The invasion of the lymphatic system leads to obstruction of the lymphatic vessels, and the reflux is blocked, resulting in symptoms such as swelling and pain in the lower limbs;

Four major symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions

One is bleeding after sexual intercourse. 70%-80% of cervical cancer patients have this symptom;

The second is cervical erosion. Young women with cervical erosion that has not been treated for a long time, or still have cervical erosion after menopause, should be taken seriously;

Third, contact bleeding, bleeding after sexual intercourse, or uterine bleeding after a gynecological consultation are signs of cervical precancerous lesions;

Fourth, there is mixed blood in the leucorrhea. In addition to uterine bleeding caused by IUD insertion, women with mixed blood in their leucorrhea for a long time should be checked in time.

Through early detection and early treatment, 80% of cervical precancerous lesions can be cured.