How is cervical cancer diagnosed? What are the ways to prevent cervical cancer

How should cervical cancer be checked? There are many diagnostic methods for cervical cancer, and the most appropriate one can be selected according to the specific situation. At the same time, female friends should also do a good job of cervical cancer prevention in their daily lives and do cervical cancer checks regularly. Let's take a closer look.

Cervical cancer screening methods

Colposcopy: Cervical scraping cytology examination grade III or above, observation of cervical surface lesions under TBS colposcopy, selection of suspected cancerous areas for biopsy, to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. This is a common diagnostic method for cervical cancer.

Laboratory tests: Cytology and histology diagnosis; exfoliative cytology; fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAB) It is widely used, safe to operate, and rapid in diagnosis. The final diagnosis of cervical cancer should come from a biopsy.

Histopathological testing: If abnormalities are found during colposcopy, a biopsy should be performed under the guidance of special stains, which is also the diagnosis method for cervical cancer.

Cervical smear cytology: This diagnostic method for cervical cancer should be stained and microscopically examined in the mobile zone of the cervix. The reporting method for clinical cervical cytology diagnosis is mainly the Pap five-level classification method, the Bethesda system (TBS) system classification. The Pap five-level classification method was proposed and widely recognized in 1943 from Gnpa Panicolaou as a routine examination method for cervical cytology. It is a reporting method for graded diagnosis. The TBS system is a report on descriptive cytopathology diagnosis in recent years. For grade III and above, when the TBS epithelial cell classification is abnormal, the scraping examination should be repeated and the cervical biopsy should be performed under colposcopy.

Ultrasound examination: Ultrasound examination is non-destructive and can be used repeatedly. This method of diagnosing cervical cancer is usually more accurate to determine the size of the mass, so it can be used to compare the efficacy of non-surgical treatments (such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, etc.).

Next, let’s look at how to prevent cervical cancer.

Ways for women to prevent cervical cancer

Actively participate in cervical screening. Women should undergo regular gynecological examinations and take effective screening measures under the guidance of a doctor. It is entirely possible to detect cervical lesions in the early stages.

Always pay attention to personal hygiene habits, especially genital cleanliness, as it is easy to be infected with HPV (human papillomavirus). HPV infection is a known risk factor for cervical cancer.

Knowing the early signs of various cervical cancers, such as menstrual dripping, contact vaginal bleeding, increased leucorrhea with odor, irregular vaginal bleeding, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding, etc., can be used as early signs of cervical cancer self-examination. Once such symptoms appear, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to undergo a series of formal examinations such as women's examinations and cytology.

Women should be careful not to have sexual intercourse too early. This is because the reproductive tract of young women under 20 years old is not fully mature, and the cervical mucosa is sensitive to some carcinogens, bacteria, and viruses. Miscarriage or childbirth will stimulate or traumatize the cervix, increasing the chance of bacterial and viral infection, which will lead to benign cervical lesions. However, the repair process may lead to poor cell differentiation, and then form cervical epithelial tumors and evolve into cancer. Therefore, young women should cherish themselves, not have sex before marriage, and try to avoid abortion.

The examination method for cervical cancer should be selected according to the actual situation.