What are the common hazards of fibroids

Fibroid is a benign tumor caused by focal proliferation of fibroblasts or tissue cells. Some cases may be related to minor local injuries, such as insect bites or blunt injuries, but some say it is related to viral infection. The disease is often seen on the extensor side of the limbs, the lower limbs, above the elbows or on both sides of the trunk and the shoulders and back. It can also occur in other parts. So, what are the common hazards of fibroids?

1. Xanthofibroma: It is prone to occur in the dermis or subcutaneous layer of the trunk and proximal upper arm. It often arises from small papules after trauma or itching. The lumps are hard with unclear edges. Because they are accompanied by internal bleeding, they contain hemosiderin and are dark brown. If the tumor is larger than 1 cm and grows rapidly, it should be suspected to be fibrosarcoma and must be completely removed surgically.

2. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Located in the dermis, protruding from the body surface, with smooth surface skin, shaped like a keloid, it is prone to occur on the trunk, is of low grade malignancy, has a pseudocapsule, and is prone to recurrence after resection. Multiple recurrences increase the malignancy and can metastasize through the blood. The tumor lesion containing enough normal skin and deep adjacent fascia should be removed as soon as possible.

3. Band-like fibroma: Abdominal wall muscle is formed by reparative hyperplasia after trauma or birth injury, without obvious capsule, and should be surgically removed. Fibromatosis is a tumor derived from fibrous tissue. The tumor can occur in large muscles in any part of the body. The most common is the rectus abdominis of the abdominal wall and the aponeurosis of the adjacent muscles. It is prone to occur during pregnancy and late pregnancy. Those outside the abdominal wall are more common in men, and are prone to occur in the scapula, thigh and buttocks. The age of onset is mostly between 30 and 50 years old, and it is also not uncommon in children and adolescents. The cause of this disease is still unclear, and it may be related to trauma, hormones and genetic factors. Fibromatosis is a fibrous tissue tumor rich in collagen components derived from muscle, aponeurosis, and fascia. The pathological formation is benign or low-grade malignant. However, the tumor has no capsule, grows in an invasive manner, and has obvious malignant biological behavior, that is, stubborn and repeated recurrence, but rarely distant metastasis. The recurrence time is mostly 1 month to 1 year after surgery, and can even reach more than 10 years, so this type of tumor is also called invasive fibromatosis.

Multiple recurrences can cause the lesions to spread more widely, and there will be uncontrollable growth, invading important organs and endangering life. Microscopically, the tumor contains abundant collagen fibers, the lesions have no capsule, no boundaries with surrounding tissues, and sometimes include surrounding tissues in the lesions. Nuclear division is rare, and capillaries and fat cells are rare. A few recurrent cases may show morphological changes of fibrosarcoma. The tumor is located in deep tissues, with no obvious subjective symptoms or slight discomfort. It grows slowly. The shape is irregular or oval, and its long diameter is consistent with the direction of the affected muscle fibers. The size of the tumor is related to the length of the disease, and the diameter ranges from several centimeters to more than ten centimeters. The tumor has unclear boundaries, a smooth surface, no tenderness, and a tough texture like rubber. It is relatively fixed in the longitudinal direction of the invaded muscles, but can move slightly in the lateral direction, and has no adhesion to the skin. Huge tumors can affect activities and compress nerves. The tumor is not large, mostly located in the subcutaneous tissue, grows slowly, is hard, has a shiny surface, has clear boundaries, has no adhesion to the skin, and has a certain degree of mobility. It is mainly surgically removed extensively.