What are the common symptoms of testicular cancer

First of all, the incidence of testicular cancer is not high, accounting for only about 1% of all male-specific cancers. However, rare does not mean non-existent. When there is a testicular disease, it needs to be taken seriously and not be taken lightly. Cancer should be based on the principle of early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment. Today, I will introduce to you the common symptoms of testicular cancer.

The most common symptom is a gradual, painless enlargement of the testicles with a feeling of heaviness. The enlarged testicles of seminoma often maintain the testicular contour and have a consistent texture, while teratoma is nodular and has inconsistent hardness and softness. About 10% of patients feel pain due to intratesticular bleeding or infarction, and 10% of patients may have metastatic symptoms, such as large retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, compression of nerve roots, back pain, lung metastasis may cause cough and dyspnea, duodenal metastasis may cause anorexia, nausea and vomiting, bone metastasis may cause bone pain, etc. Testicular Leydig cell tumor should be considered when children have testicular masses and symptoms of precocious puberty, or adults have gynecomastia and loss of libido.

Most men with testicular cancer present with a swollen testicle. Associated symptoms include heaviness or pain. Severe pain is rare. Because testicular cancer often causes a decrease in sperm count, men occasionally present with infertility. About 25 percent of men present with symptoms caused by metastatic disease. Symptoms of metastatic disease may include back pain, shortness of breath, chest pain, or coughing up blood.

Testicular tumor is one of the common tumors in urology. It is almost always malignant, and there are three peaks in the age of onset: yolk sac tumor (infantile embryonal tumor) is the most common in infancy; various types of testicular tumors can be seen between the ages of 20 and 40, but seminoma is still the most common, and seminoma is the main tumor after the age of 70. Its cause is still unclear, and it is currently believed that its onset is related to both genetic and acquired factors. Among them, it is most closely related to cryptorchidism. The chance of cryptorchidism developing tumors is 10 to 14 times greater than that of normal people. Cryptorchidism in the abdominal cavity is higher than that in the groin. Testicular fixation does not reduce the incidence of malignant changes, but it can make tumors easier to detect.