Introduction to the diagnosis method of testicular cancer

Testicular cancer usually occurs in young men aged 15-39, and its early symptoms are not obvious. In addition, it occurs in the hidden parts of men and is often difficult to detect. Therefore, timely examination and diagnosis are crucial to prevent testicular cancer. So what are the methods for examining and diagnosing testicular cancer? Here are some common diagnostic methods for testicular cancer.

Common methods for diagnosing testicular cancer are as follows:

First, a biopsy is the only test that can confirm the presence of cancer. Most of the time, when doing a biopsy, the doctor makes an incision in the groin and removes the entire affected testicle. This method is called a radical inguinal orchiectomy. Sometimes (if the patient has only one testicle), the doctor will use an inguinal biopsy. During the test, the doctor first makes a small incision in the groin to obtain a sample of a testicle. Only if the pathological examination finds cancer cells will the orchiectomy be performed.

Second, B-ultrasound examination. B-ultrasound examination can accurately distinguish the size, shape, and presence of lumps of the testicles. It can also distinguish whether the swollen testicles are caused by inflammation, tissue edema, or tumors. It can also detect whether there are metastatic tumors behind the peritoneum.

Third, blood tests (tumor marker assays) can measure the level of tumor markers in the blood. Tumor markers are substances produced by tumor cells or the human body if cancer is present. Such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), etc. These tumor markers can help detect testicular tumors.

If a patient is diagnosed with testicular cancer, some tests are needed to determine whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as B-ultrasound, X-ray, CT, etc. The appropriate treatment method can be determined by staging the cancer.