What are the complications caused by bile duct cancer

What are the complications caused by bile duct cancer? When we hear bile duct cancer, we know that it is a kind of cancer. Biliary duct cancer is very harmful to the body. Not only that, it will also cause some complications and affect our daily life. Let's take a look at the complications caused by bile duct cancer.

Regarding complications:

1. Stress ulcer bleeding: a serious complication after surgery for patients with severe obstructive jaundice. Its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, but it is generally believed that hyperbilirubinemia and hypercholesterolemia damage the gastric mucosal barrier and reduce gastric mucosal blood flow. At the same time, patients often have concurrent infections, sepsis, malnutrition, etc. Severe surgical trauma can lead to low perfusion of the gastric mucosa, forming mucosal ulcer bleeding, and in severe cases, perforation may occur.

2. Massive intraperitoneal bleeding: It often occurs in patients with combined liver lobectomy and portal vein injury during surgery. It is also seen in bleeding at the bile-intestinal anastomosis. Fresh blood drainage from the abdominal cavity >200ml/h indicates active bleeding in the abdominal cavity. Emergency surgery is required to stop bleeding. Prevention is mainly based on accurate suture to stop bleeding during surgery.

3. Bile leakage: Common causes of bile leakage include bile duct leakage in the liver section and bile-intestinal anastomosis leakage. Pay attention to the color, amount, and properties of the abdominal drainage fluid, abdominal signs, and temperature changes after surgery. Generally, the abdominal drainage fluid drains light red or light yellow exudate depending on the surgery. If brown or yellow-green bile-like fluid appears, bile leakage should be considered and reported to the doctor in time. The best way to treat bile leakage is ultrasound-guided puncture drainage. As long as the proximal bile duct is not obstructed and bile drainage is unobstructed, most bile leaks can be healed after drainage. For those who cannot heal bile fistulas caused by long-term drainage, surgery can be considered.

4. Acute renal failure: It is usually secondary to severe jaundice and is often caused by insufficient effective circulating blood volume, sympathetic nerve excitement, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system, decreased renal prostaglandins, increased thromboxane A2 and endotoxemia. It is characterized by spontaneous oliguria or anuria, azotemia, dilutional hyponatremia and low urine sodium.

5. Liver failure: Liver failure is a common cause of death during cholangiocarcinoma surgery, and is more common in patients with poor liver reserve function. Prevention includes combining preoperative liver function assessment, correctly determining the scope of surgical resection, actively performing perioperative liver protection treatment, and avoiding the use of drugs that are severely damaging to liver and kidney function as much as possible.