What are the methods for diagnosing melanoma?

The diagnosis of melanoma is generally not difficult, and a few atypical cases need to be confirmed by pathological examination. Indirect immunofluorescence labeling of melanin tissue, double PAP immunoenzyme labeling assay and pigmentogen examination are helpful for diagnosis, and are helpful for the diagnosis of "non-pigmented" or oligo-pigmented melanoma and for distinguishing benign nevus cell tumors and whether they have become malignant.

1. Anti-human melanoma serum is used for indirect immunofluorescence labeling of melanin tissue. When the antiserum is diluted to 1:2, the highest positive rate can reach 89%.

2. Using Vacca double PAP immunoenzyme labeling method, a positive reaction was detected when the antiserum dilution was 1:400.

3. Pigmentogen test: Melanogen is oxidized after being excreted by the kidneys, making the urine dark brown, which is called black urine. If ferric chloride, potassium dichromate, and sulfuric acid are added to the urine, its oxidation can be promoted. If sodium nitrate is added, the urine will be purple; if acetic acid is added first and then sodium hydroxide is added, the urine will be blue.

Finally, experienced dermatologists remind you: You should learn more about melanoma in your life, especially the early symptoms of melanoma, detect yourself early, and be prepared for melanoma prevention. If the condition is serious, go to a professional dermatology hospital as soon as possible for scientific examination and targeted treatment of melanoma to avoid malignant attacks of the disease.