What is the diagnostic order of melanoma

Biopsy is an effective means of diagnosing malignant melanoma. Currently, it is generally recommended that small lesions be completely removed and biopsied, and large lesions should be completely removed and skin grafted. If complete removal is difficult, partial removal can be performed. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, extensive removal should be performed as soon as possible in the biopsied area. Laboratories with experience and conditions can perform frozen sections, which are helpful for rapid diagnosis.

1. Anti-human melanoma serum is used for indirect immunofluorescence labeling of melanin tissue. When the antiserum is diluted to 1:2, the highest positive rate can reach 89%.

2. Using Vacca double PAP immunoenzyme labeling method, when the antiserum dilution was 1:400, 82.14% showed positive reaction.

3. Pigmentogen test: Melanogen is oxidized after being excreted by the kidneys, making the urine dark brown, which is called black urine. If ferric chloride, potassium dichromate, and sulfuric acid are added to the urine, its oxidation can be promoted. If sodium nitrate is added, the urine will be purple; if acetic acid is added first and then sodium hydroxide is added, the urine will be blue.

Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer with high malignancy, easy blood metastasis, and high mortality rate. It has been increasing in recent years. In addition to skin, malignant melanoma can also occur in the eyes, nasopharynx, oral cavity, lips, vagina, anal canal, and rectum. Because of the high malignancy and mortality rate of this disease, only early detection and early treatment can have a better prognosis.