How to diagnose esophageal cancer

For most people, cancer means death, and they are filled with fear. Some people even don't believe the hospital's examination report, thinking it is wrong. At this time, the most important thing is to keep a stable mentality and never lose control of emotions, otherwise it will aggravate the condition. Here, the editor introduces to you how to diagnose esophageal cancer?

1. Esophagoscopy: At present, all Class III B hospitals in my country are equipped with fiber gastroscopes. During gastroscopy, the esophagus must be examined first, so there is no problem in the examination and diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Esophagoscopy can observe the location, size, shape, and edge of the lesion in detail. It can also directly clamp the pathological tissue or use a brush to take specimens for cytological examination. It can also observe the mucosa of the esophagus and the peristalsis of the esophagus. Esophagoscopy is currently the most valuable means of examination and is very helpful for diagnosis.

2. X-ray imaging examination: The patient swallows barium porridge during the X-ray examination, and the development of the barium porridge through the esophagus can be observed. The thickening of the esophageal mucosa, the distortion of the esophagus, the interruption or disappearance of the shadow, etc. can be seen, so as to achieve qualitative and localized diagnosis. At this time, film can also be taken. X-ray angiography is the most commonly used examination method before the popularization of esophagoscopy. The shortcomings are:

① Because there is a certain distance between the photosensitive film and the lesion when the X-ray is projected, the film taken is magnified, but the doctor can make a conversion correction. For example, esophageal cancer with a length of more than 6 cm is often difficult to resect, while on X-ray films, it is stipulated that more than 7 cm is difficult to resect:

② It is not possible to obtain pathological specimens at one time. However, for some patients who cannot tolerate esophagoscopy, it is often acceptable.

3. Esophageal netting: Use a special small plastic bag with a wire net on the cover, and let the patient swallow the small bag. At this time, the wire at one end of the small bag is pinched in the doctor's hand. When the small bag passes through the lesion, the doctor gently pulls out the wire. The wire net outside the small bag rubs against the lesion and attaches some cancer cells. After the small bag is pulled out, the attached cells are examined to find the cancer cells, so as to confirm the diagnosis. A double-lumen small bag can also be used to pull the esophagus segmented net. The esophageal netting causes minimal damage to the patient and is easy to tolerate. This method is often used for censuses in areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer.

4. Specific tumor antigen detection: currently the most accurate examination method.

Please rest assured that these diagnostic methods are very accurate and there is almost no misdiagnosis. Once you are diagnosed with esophageal cancer, remember to divert your attention and don't be nervous all day. Mental relaxation is very helpful for cancer treatment, and actively cooperating with the doctor's treatment can help you recover faster.