How to read the complete blood test report

The complete blood test report is the report form after the routine blood test. Many people will go to the hospital for a routine blood test when they have physical problems, because a routine blood test can better confirm the patient's disease and specific condition. After understanding the condition, the attending physician can better choose a treatment plan. So, how should we read the complete blood test report? This will be introduced below!

1. Red blood cell system examination:

1. Hemoglobin (Hb):

Normal values: 12-16 g/L for men and 11-15 g/L for women. If the hemoglobin level is lower than this value, it is anemia, and the patient will experience symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, insomnia and nightmares. Types of anemia include iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, etc., which must be diagnosed comprehensively based on clinical manifestations and other auxiliary examinations.

(ii) Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV):

Normal value: 80-100fL. Anemia in patients with an MCV lower or higher than this value should prompt consideration of the diagnosis of microcytic hypochromic anemia (the most common disease is iron deficiency anemia) or megaloblastic anemia.

3. Reticulocyte percentage (RET%):

Normal value: 0.5-1.5%. If the patient has elevated RET combined with anemia, jaundice, and especially elevated indirect bilirubin, one must be alert to the presence of hemolytic anemia. Further bone puncture, acid hemolysis test, anti-human immunoglobulin test and other examinations are necessary to further clarify whether hemolytic anemia exists, which may be paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria or autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

2. White blood cell count and percentage:

Normal white blood cell count: 4.0-10.0×109/L, of which neutrophils account for 50-70%, lymphocytes 20-40%, and median cells are about 10%.

When the white blood cell count is lower than 4.0×109/L, it is called leukopenia; when the white blood cell count is lower than 0.5×109/L, it is called agranulocytosis. People feel fatigued and are more susceptible to infection. Normal people are also prone to leukopenia when they suffer from upper respiratory tract viral infection.

When the white blood cell count increases and the neutrophil ratio is greater than 70%, and the patient has symptoms such as fever, the diagnosis of bacterial infection should be considered.

3. Platelets:

Normal value: 100-400×109/L. Below 100×109/L is called thrombocytopenia. When the platelet count is lower than 20×109/L, the patient is prone to internal bleeding and should rest in bed, be observed in the emergency room, or be admitted to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.

When the platelet count is higher than 400×109/L, it is called thrombocythemia. When the platelet count is higher than 800-1000×109/L, the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia should be considered. However, secondary factors such as inflammation, iron deficiency, and tumors should be routinely excluded.