How do authoritative hospitals treat early-stage colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, second only to gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. The most common sites of cancer are the large intestine and sigmoid colon, accounting for about 77.8%, followed by the cecum and ascending colon. As for the treatment of colorectal cancer, early treatment measures should be taken as soon as possible. So how does the authoritative hospital treat colorectal cancer in the early stage? Regarding this issue, let's take a closer look.

1. Surgical treatment

The only radical cure for colorectal cancer is early resection of the tumor. If metastasis is found during exploration, but the diseased intestinal curve is still free, the colorectal cancer should be removed in principle to avoid intestinal obstruction in the future; on the other hand, the tumor is often eroded, bleeding or accompanied by secondary infection, and resection can improve the overall condition. For patients with extensive cancer metastasis, if the diseased intestinal segment can no longer be removed, palliative surgery such as fistula or shortcut should be performed.

2. Chemotherapy

After radical resection of colorectal cancer, about 50% of cases still have recurrence and metastasis, mainly because the hidden metastatic lesions were not discovered before surgery or the lesions were not completely removed during surgery. Therefore, before laparotomy, intra-intestinal chemotherapy for tumors or preoperative enema for rectal cancer can prevent the spread of cancer cells and kill and eliminate cancer cells. Continuing chemotherapy after surgery may increase the 5-year survival rate after radical resection.

3. Radiation therapy

The therapeutic effect is still unsatisfactory. Some people believe that: ① Preoperative radiotherapy can shrink the tumor, improve the resection rate, reduce regional lymph node metastasis, intraoperative cancer cell spread and local recurrence; ② Postoperative radiotherapy: For cases that require radical surgery, if the tumor has penetrated the intestinal wall, invaded local lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels, or there are residual tumors after surgery but there is no distant metastasis, postoperative radiotherapy is appropriate; ③ Simple radiotherapy: For cases of advanced rectal cancer, small doses of radiotherapy can sometimes have a temporary hemostatic and analgesic effect.