What are the nursing issues for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Recently, many nasopharyngeal cancer patients have consulted online for relevant disease knowledge. Many of them have misunderstandings, which has led to a serious deterioration of nasopharyngeal cancer and increased the difficulty of later treatment. So, let's answer the seven major nursing methods for nasopharyngeal cancer together.

Nursing for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nursing for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is very important. As the saying goes, one-third of the disease is treated with care, and seven-thirds is treated with care, which shows the importance of nursing. Nursing is not only the responsibility of nurses, but also the patients themselves and their families should participate. Mastering the nursing of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is very helpful to improve the quality of life of patients.

1. Oral care

During radiotherapy, since the parotid glands and salivary glands are within the irradiation range, the functions of the rib glands and salivary glands are suppressed after radiotherapy. The glandular secretion in the mouth decreases, and the self-cleaning function of the mouth disappears. Symptoms such as dry mouth, dry and painful throat, and oral ulcers are common. To alleviate these symptoms, you can always have a water bottle and moisten your mouth frequently. Drink more than 250 ml of water a day, and often use honeysuckle and ophiopogon to soak water to moisten the oral mucosa. In order to keep the mouth clean, you can prepare a light salt water to gargle 45 times a day. The preparation method of light salt is: add 34g (about half a spoon) of sodium chloride (cooked salt) to 500ml of warm boiled water, or gargle with Dobson's solution, and gargle with the gargle for at least 1 minute each time. At the same time, rinse your mouth for 12 minutes with alternating cheek inflating and sucking movements to remove loose plaque ulcers. Spray watermelon frost spray or double throat spray locally, and open your mouth and teeth to allow sufficient gas exchange at the oral mucosal folds, destroy the growth environment of anaerobic bacteria, and prevent secondary oral infection.

2. Skin care

After radiotherapy, the skin in the radiation area atrophies, thins, and the soft tissue fibrosis and capillary dilation may occur. Radiation skin reactions may occur. Therefore, during radiotherapy, the local skin should be kept clean and dry. Sweat should be wiped off. Water ionization aggravates skin damage. High-necked or hard-collared clothes should not be worn. The skin in the irradiated field should not be scrubbed with soap, rough towels or hot water. Avoid direct sunlight when going out. When peeling occurs, do not tear or scratch it with your hands. You can sprinkle 1% borneol talcum powder on the affected area. Apply rescue oil to the affected area for wet reactions. Apply rescue oil to the affected area for wet reactions. Apply 4 times a day, local exposure, keep clean to prevent infection. In addition, the radiation field markings should be kept clear and must not be altered privately, otherwise unnecessary damage will be caused.

3. Care of the nasopharyngeal mucosa

Because the nasopharyngeal mucosa is swollen and congested after exposure, the nasal mucosal reaction similar to the oral mucosa occurs. Patients often experience dry nasal mucosa, nasal congestion, increased and sticky nasal secretions, and severe cases may affect rest and sleep. Therefore, when the climate is dry, place a basin of water in the room to maintain a certain temperature, and use cod liver oil or compound peppermint oil to drip into the nose by yourself, 34 times a day, to protect the nasal mucosa. It is best to learn the correct flushing method of a simple nasopharyngeal irrigator and commonly used liquids.

4. Oral exercise care

The care of nasopharyngeal carcinoma also requires some appropriate activities, such as deep breathing, outdoor walking, slow rotation of the left and right hands around the neck, mouth opening exercises such as holding a small round plastic bottle or a smooth small log in the mouth, and massage of the temporal joint, so as to improve their quality of life. After radiotherapy, due to the degeneration of the masticatory muscles and mandibular joint fibers, it may lead to difficulty in opening the mouth. Patients should do more oral function exercises, such as putting fruits such as grapes and small tomatoes that are the same size as the mouth into the mouth and fix them for 2 to 3 minutes, or practicing opening the mouth, tapping teeth, and moving the oral joints up and down and left and right.

5. Psychological care

We should do a good job of comforting and explaining to nasopharyngeal cancer patients and their families, care for and be considerate of patients, meet their reasonable needs, and enable patients to cooperate with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in a good psychological state. Psychological care is very important for nasopharyngeal cancer. Patients should adjust their mentality to cope with the occurrence of nasopharyngeal cancer. Encourage patients to express their true feelings, allow them to vent their inner pressure, and explain more successful cases to patients to make them confident in themselves.

6. Nursing of radiation otitis media and nose and eyes

During radiotherapy, attention should be paid to the care of the nose and eyes, the cleaning of the radiotherapy area, and the nasal cavity should be rinsed with saline twice a day. When the nasal cavity is dry, paraffin oil can be used to lubricate it, and attention should be paid to whether the nasal cavity has bleeding. Antibiotics such as ofloxacin eye drops and ear drops can be used for the ears and eyes.

7. Diet care

During radiotherapy, patients should drink plenty of water to increase urine volume, accelerate the excretion of toxins, reduce renal toxicity, eat more high-protein, high-vitamin, low-fat foods and fresh fruits and vegetables, eat small meals frequently, and avoid smoking, drinking, spicy, too cold, hot, or hard foods.

Experts say: The above introduction to nasopharyngeal cancer is mainly to enrich your knowledge of nasopharyngeal cancer. In addition, it is recommended that nasopharyngeal cancer patients should pay equal attention to care and diet in their daily life while cooperating with treatment. If your nasopharyngeal cancer is serious, then go to a professional nasopharyngeal cancer hospital for diagnosis and treatment.