Laryngeal keratosis, a precancerous lesion of the larynx, is divided into 4 types

Laryngeal precancerous lesions are a pathological concept, referring to benign laryngeal lesions with the potential for malignant transformation in clinical manifestations. They are composed of diseases with a variety of similar clinical manifestations, pathological morphology and biological characteristics. The diagnostic basis and standards are not yet unified. They mainly include chronic hypertrophic laryngitis, laryngeal keratosis and adult laryngeal papilloma. The histopathological manifestations are simple epithelial hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia. Currently, laryngeal keratosis is divided into 4 types:

Type I: Laryngeal leukoplakia, manifested as localized thickening of the vocal cords with white keratinized substances. Pathological findings include thickening of the keratin layer and spinous cells without atypical cells.

Type II: Mild atypical hyperplasia, manifested as vocal cord hypertrophy with or without white keratinization. Pathology shows thickening of the epithelial layer and the presence of atypical cells, which are confined to the lower 1/3 of the epithelial layer.

Type III: Moderate atypical hyperplasia, manifested as vocal cord hypertrophy with or without white keratinization. Pathology shows thickening of the epithelium with atypical cells, which are confined to the lower 2/3 of the epithelium.

Type IV: severe atypical hyperplasia, characterized by vocal cord hypertrophy with dirty or white keratinization. Pathology shows thickening of the epithelium with atypical cells involving the entire epithelium.