Domestic histological classification of gastric cancer

The "Pathological Examination and Diagnosis Standards for Gastric Cancer" formulated by the Pathology Group of the National Gastric Cancer Collaborative Group stipulates that the gross morphology of advanced gastric cancer is divided into the following types:

(1) Nodular fungus type: The tumor mainly grows into the cavity, presenting a nodular or polyp-like shape. There may be an ulcer in the center, but the ulcer is shallow and the cut surface has clear boundaries.

(2) Discoid mushroom type: The tumor is disc-shaped, with raised and everted edges, an ulcer in the center, and clear cut surface boundaries.

(3) Local ulcer type: Similar to chronic gastric ulcer, but the ulcer is deeper, with raised edges and clear boundaries.

(4) Infiltrative ulcer type: The ulcer base is large, the infiltration range is extensive, and the cross-sectional boundaries are unclear.

(5) Local infiltrative type: that is, local cystic ulcer, the tumor expands to the surrounding area and grows infiltratively, and there may be erosion or superficial ulcer on the surface.

(6) Diffuse infiltrative type: also known as leathery cystic stomach. This type is characterized by cancerous tissue involving most of the stomach or the entire stomach, making the stomach wall hard and the stomach cavity smaller.

(7) Surface spreading type: The tumor mainly infiltrates the mucosa or submucosal layer, with a large range, and some small areas infiltrate the muscularis or outside the muscularis.

(8) Mixed type: Patients with two or more of the above-mentioned types of lesions.