What does conventional treatment for gastric cancer include

Conventional treatments for gastric cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, each of which has its own characteristics and indications:

1. Surgery

Surgery is the only treatment method that can provide a chance of cure. The main methods of surgical treatment for gastric cancer include distal subtotal gastrectomy, proximal subtotal gastrectomy, total gastrectomy and total gastrectomy combined with splenectomy and distal pancreatectomy, Appleby procedure, gastric cancer combined with combined resection of involved organs and palliative surgery.

2. Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is not very helpful for patients who are not suitable for resection because anatomical localization cannot be performed. Radiation therapy can relieve obstructive symptoms of cardiac cancer and reduce chronic bleeding in unresectable lesions.

Most of the patients admitted to general hospitals are advanced gastric cancer patients. The efficacy of surgery alone is very poor. As an important part of comprehensive treatment, chemotherapy is one of the important means of treating gastric cancer today.

Chemotherapy methods mainly include single-agent chemotherapy and combined chemotherapy. It is generally believed that the effect of combined chemotherapy is better than that of single-agent chemotherapy. Preoperative chemotherapy can improve the efficacy of surgical treatment; intraoperative chemotherapy is one of the important measures to prevent iatrogenic spread; postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a commonly used comprehensive treatment method for gastric cancer, and its efficacy is better than that of simple surgery.

4. Immunotherapy

The indications for immunotherapy include three aspects: ① Systemic application of immunostimulants is suitable after radical surgery for early gastric cancer; ② Immunostimulants can be directly injected into the residual cancer in cases that cannot be resected or palliative resection is performed; ③ Patients with advanced gastric cancer accompanied by ascites are suitable for intraperitoneal injection of immune-enhancing drugs.