Application of laparoscopy in surgical treatment of colon cancer

Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic colon cancer surgery has the advantages of a wide field of view, small incision, less pain, and quick recovery. Laparoscopic colon surgery that has been carried out clinically is mainly used for radical surgery and palliative surgery.

1. Radical surgery

It is suitable for colorectal cancer of all segments. Generally speaking, transverse colon and low rectal cancer are more difficult to resect. The resection range includes the intestinal loop where the tumor is located, the mesentery and its regional lymph nodes, etc. Laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer should strictly follow the requirements of open radical resection:

① Emphasis on en bloc resection of the tumor and surrounding tissues;

②Remove the entire piece of lymphatic tissue and ligate the proximal lymphatic vessels and blood vessels;

③ The intestinal loops that are far enough from the lesion are removed, and pathological confirmation shows that there is no cancer cell infiltration at the edge;

④ The principle of non-contact tumor operation. The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, which was mainly due to the fact that laparoscopic surgery caused less damage to the body and the probability of postoperative intestinal adhesion was lower. During the operation, the principle of radical tumor treatment should be strictly followed, and direct contact and squeezing of the tumor should be avoided as much as possible to avoid direct contamination of the incision by the tumor.

2. Palliative surgery

For advanced colorectal cancer with extensive metastasis, laparoscopic colostomy and palliative resection are performed.