Nursing and health care before and after rectal tumor surgery

Rectal tumor is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and its incidence rate is second only to gastric cancer. The age of onset is mostly between 30 and 60 years old, and more men than women. If it can be detected and treated in time, the prognosis is better. So what should be done for the care and health care of rectal tumors?

1. Preoperative care

(1) Psychological care: Care for the patient, explain the necessity of surgery, and enable the patient to accept surgical treatment in the best psychological state.

(2) Strengthen nutrition, correct anemia, and enhance the body's resistance. Preoperative care for rectal tumors should try to provide a high-protein, high-calorie, high-vitamin, easy-to-digest, low-residue diet to increase tolerance to surgery.

(3) Adequate intestinal preparation to increase the success rate and safety of the operation.

(4) Give intestinal antibiotics 3 days before surgery to inhibit intestinal bacteria and prevent postoperative infection.

(5) Give liquid food 3 days before surgery and fast 1 day before surgery to reduce stool and facilitate intestinal cleaning.

(6) One day before surgery, whole-bowel lavage should be performed according to the patient's condition, and the effect of the lavage should be observed.

2. Postoperative care

(1) Observe the patient’s vital signs and changes in condition, and observe any bleeding from the wound.

(2) After surgery, fasting is recommended and gastrointestinal decompression is performed until intestinal motility is restored before eating. Diet should be gradually increased.

(3) Keep drainage unobstructed and flush the drainage tube regularly as directed by the doctor.

(4) Those with long-term urinary catheters should clean the urethral opening daily to prevent urinary tract infections.

(5) Keep the skin around the stoma clean and dry. Apply zinc oxide ointment or comfrey oil.

(6) Take good care of the artificial rectum.

Preoperative and postoperative care and health care for rectal tumors are of great help to the smooth progress of the operation and the postoperative health recovery of the patient.

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