A brief discussion on the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of colon tumors

As the incidence of colon tumors has gradually increased in recent years, there are more and more methods for treating and diagnosing colon tumors. So, what are the quantitative diagnoses of colon tumors? Let us introduce them in detail.

Qualitative diagnosis of diseases requires the following questions to be clarified: ① Is the disease a tumor? ② Is it a malignant tumor or a benign tumor? ③ Which type and type of malignant tumor it is? The first two determine whether surgery is necessary and the scope of surgery; while the latter will determine the method of surgery. Although physical examination, B-ultrasound, CT, MRI, and endoscopic examination can be used for preliminary qualitative diagnosis, the qualitative diagnosis of colon tumors ultimately depends on histopathological diagnosis. It should be noted that malignant tumors that can be basically diagnosed clinically are sometimes not necessarily malignant by pathological examination. Some authors have reported cases where colorectal cancer was diagnosed only after 8 repeated preoperative pathological examinations (including fiber colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and anal dilation biopsy). This is related to the location of the tissue biopsy and the size of the tissue block. Therefore, when a malignant tumor is suspected clinically, it must be examined repeatedly. Do not give up the examination at will, which will delay the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

① The size of the tumor is one of the quantitative diagnoses of colon tumors. It can be expressed in two ways: the maximum vertical diameter of the tumor and the circumference of the intestinal tract invaded by the tumor. The former is mostly used for larger tumors, and is generally expressed in centimeters by multiplying the maximum diameter of the tumor by its maximum vertical diameter; the latter is mostly used for small and medium-sized tumors that are still confined to the intestinal tract. Clinically, it is expressed by the circumference of the intestinal tract occupied by the tumor, such as 1/2 circle. ② The volume or weight of the tumor. The volume and weight of the tumor are less used in colorectal cancer. This method is mostly used for larger solid tumors, such as soft tissue tumors.

Generally, a preoperative staging can be given based on the above tumor localization, qualitative and quantitative analysis, which is often quite different from the postoperative staging. Current studies have shown that the preoperative staging of colon tumors is of little clinical significance, but for WHO stage II or III, i.e., mid- and lower rectal cancer that has invaded the intestinal wall or has metastatic lymph nodes, preoperative staging is of great significance and can guide neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

The above content has introduced the quantitative diagnosis of colon tumors in detail. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you have other questions, you can come to our hospital for detailed consultation.

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