What are the surgical methods for bladder cancer?

Bladder cancer is the most common type of urinary system tumor. It can cause a lot of discomfort to patients, but early bladder cancer is often ignored. Timely detection of bladder cancer symptoms can effectively improve treatment outcomes, reduce disease progression, and reduce pain for patients. Early detection of bladder cancer is the key to bladder cancer treatment.

At present, surgery is still the main treatment for bladder cancer. In clinical work, a specific surgical scope and treatment plan are formulated based on a comprehensive analysis of the tumor's stage, malignancy, pathological type, location, involvement of adjacent organs, and the patient's condition:

1. Transurethral surgery

① Electrocautery: During cystoscopy, if non-invasive superficial papilloma (stage Ta), single or small and scattered tumors with a volume of more than 1 cm are found, electrocautery can be used through the urethra at the same time.

② Transurethral electroresection: It is suitable for pedunculated papilloma of about 2 cm or small pedunculated tumors in the shape of a mass or mulberry, and superficial bladder tumors that have not yet invaded the deep muscle (T2 stage). Transurethral electroresection can be performed using an electroresectionoscope.

2. Partial cystectomy

It is suitable for invasive papillary carcinoma with limited scope. The tumor should be far away from the bladder trigone and bladder neck. Experts from Anhui Cancer Hospital said that the depth of invasion should not exceed the peripheral fat layer of the bladder. Ureterocystostomy can be performed if necessary.

3. Local cystectomy and electrocautery

The scope of application is similar to that of transurethral surgery, namely, bladder papilloma with shallow infiltration, low malignancy and thin base.

4. Total cystectomy

Radical cystectomy should be used for tumors that are beyond the scope of the above surgical methods, tumors located in the bladder trigone and bladder neck with infiltration, tumors that have metastasized to surrounding lymph nodes, recurrent tumors, etc. Urinary diversion surgery such as ureteral transplantation must be performed on the severed ureter.

The above is an introduction to "What are the surgical methods for bladder cancer?" For people who are related to the pathogenic factors of bladder cancer, it is recommended to take preventive measures for bladder cancer. If you have other questions about bladder cancer, please consult our experts online or call for consultation.

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