What are the symptoms of ovarian cancer

Hello everyone, today we have prepared some knowledge about ovarian cancer for you. Do you know some symptoms and knowledge about ovarian cancer? Then come and learn about some symptoms of ovarian cancer with us now.

1. Symptoms of ovarian cancer

1. Age: Most cases occur in perimenopausal women. Women over 35 years old are more likely to have ovarian epithelial cancer, while those under 35 years old are more likely to have germ cell malignancies.

2 Pain Malignant ovarian tumors may cause a considerable degree of persistent pain due to changes in the tumor, such as hemorrhage and necrosis, which may cause rapid growth. During examination, local tenderness is found.

3. Irregular menstruation, irregular uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding

4. Progressive weight loss in the late stage of emaciation

2. Signs of ovarian cancer

1. Bilateral lower abdominal masses Malignant ovarian tumors grow bilaterally in 75% of cases, while benign ovarian tumors grow bilaterally in only 15% of cases.

2. Fixed mass is one of the characteristics of ovarian malignant tumors

3. Ascites Although benign ovarian tumors such as fibroids or papillary cystadenomas can also be complicated by ascites, malignant ovarian tumors are more likely to be complicated by ascites. In addition, ascites is often bloody in cases where malignant tumor cells have penetrated the tumor wall or have metastasized to the peritoneum (visual or microscopic observation).

4. Patients with prolonged cachexia have progressive weight loss, fatigue, and other cachexia symptoms due to long-term consumption and loss of appetite.

5. Early symptoms of ovarian cancer

1. Edema of the vulva and lower limbs: As the ovarian cancer grows, the pelvic veins are compressed, resulting in poor blood flow and obstruction of lymphatic return, causing edema of the vulva and lower limbs.

2. Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea: Most ovarian cancer patients have basically no changes in menstruation. As the tumor grows, the cancer cells will destroy the normal ovarian tissue, leading to ovarian dysfunction and causing oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea.

3. Pain in the waist and abdomen: If the tissues adjacent to the ovaries are infiltrated by cancer or adhesions occur, it can easily cause dull pain in the waist and abdomen.

4. Gastrointestinal symptoms: If menopausal women often feel bloating and loss of appetite, and no gastrointestinal disease is found in the gastroenterology examination, they should go to the gynecology department for treatment. Ovarian tumors can compress and stretch the surrounding ligaments, and ascites can stimulate gastrointestinal symptoms.

5. Sex hormone disorder: The pathological types of ovarian cancer are complex and varied. When some tumors secrete too much estrogen, it can cause precocious puberty, menstrual disorders or postmenopausal vaginal bleeding; if it is testicular prostate cancer, it will produce too much androgen and show signs of masculinization.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer in the middle stage

The symptoms of mid-stage ovarian cancer are between the early and late stage symptoms and are progressive.

Common symptoms include:

(1) In the early stages, there may be occasional discomfort in the lower abdomen or a feeling of heaviness and pain in one side of the lower abdomen.

(2) Abdominal distension. Due to the rapid growth of the tumor, there may be abdominal distension, abdominal mass and ascites in the short term. If the tumor is small, it can only be found during a pelvic examination. When the mass gradually grows beyond the pelvic cavity, the mass can be felt in the abdomen.

(3) Compression symptoms: When the tumor infiltrates into the surrounding tissues or compresses the nerves, it may cause abdominal pain, back pain, or sciatica. If it compresses the pelvic veins, lower limb edema may occur. A large tumor may compress the bladder, causing frequent urination, difficulty urinating, and urine retention. Compression of the rectum may cause difficulty in defecation. Compression of the gastrointestinal tract may cause digestive tract symptoms. Compression of the diaphragm may cause breathing difficulties and inability to lie flat.

(4) Due to the rapid growth of the tumor, malnutrition and weight loss occur, forming cachexia. (5) Corresponding symptoms appear due to the metastasis of the tumor. Ovarian malignant tumors rarely cause pain. If the tumor ruptures, bleeds or becomes infected, or if it infiltrates and compresses adjacent organs, it may cause abdominal pain and back pain.

(6) Menstrual disorders and vaginal bleeding may occur. If both ovaries are destroyed by cancerous tissue, it may cause menstrual disorders and amenorrhea. Lung metastasis may cause coughing, hemoptysis, and pleural effusion. Bone metastasis may cause severe pain in the local metastatic site. Intestinal metastasis may cause blood in the stool, and severe cases may cause intestinal obstruction.

(7) In addition, if it is a functional tumor, it may produce corresponding symptoms of excess estrogen or androgen. For example, it may cause early dysfunctional uterine bleeding, vaginal bleeding after menopause, or signs of masculinization. Late-stage patients may show obvious emaciation, severe anemia, and other cachexia symptoms. During gynecological examination, scattered hard nodules and lumps may be felt in the posterior fornix of the vagina. Most of them are bilateral, substantial, with uneven surfaces, fixed, and often accompanied by bloody ascites. Sometimes enlarged lymph nodes may be felt in the groin, axilla, or supraclavicular region.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer metastasis and spread ① Direct spread: Advanced ovarian cancer not only adheres to the peritoneal tissues, but can also directly infiltrate these tissues, such as the uterus, parietal peritoneum, broad ligaments, fallopian tubes, colon and small intestine, and can even spread to the uterine cavity through the fallopian tubes.

② Lymphatic metastasis: Lymphatic metastasis is a common way for ovarian cancer to metastasize, usually to the para-aortic lymph nodes, but it can also metastasize to the inguinal lymph nodes along the round ligament.

③ Implantation metastasis: Ovarian cancer can penetrate the capsule, intestinal tract, etc., forming a large number of nodular or papillary metastatic cancers, especially the papillary tissue of serous cystadenocarcinoma, which is more likely to penetrate the tumor capsule and spread to various parts of the abdominal cavity, causing a large amount of ascites.

④Hematogenous metastasis: Ovarian malignancies rarely metastasize via the bloodstream, except for sarcomas, malignant teratomas, and advanced cases. Distant metastasis can generally reach the liver, pleura, lungs, and other sites.

Advanced symptoms of ovarian cancer

Ovarian malignant tumors grow rapidly and spread easily. However, in the early stages, patients often have no symptoms or only mild symptoms. They are often discovered accidentally during gynecological examinations, or when the tumor grows to a certain size beyond the pelvic cavity and can be palpated in the abdomen, or when complications occur. By the time they seek medical treatment, it is often in the late stage.

(1) In the early stages, there may be occasional discomfort in the lower abdomen or a feeling of heaviness and pain in one side of the lower abdomen.

(2) Abdominal distension. Due to the rapid growth of the tumor, there may be abdominal distension, abdominal mass and ascites in the short term. If the tumor is small, it can only be found during a pelvic examination. When the mass gradually grows beyond the pelvic cavity, the mass can be felt in the abdomen.

(3) Compression symptoms: When the tumor infiltrates into the surrounding tissues or compresses the nerves, it may cause abdominal pain, back pain, or sciatica. If it compresses the pelvic veins, lower limb edema may occur. A large tumor may compress the bladder, causing frequent urination, difficulty urinating, and urine retention. Compression of the rectum may cause difficulty in defecation. Compression of the gastrointestinal tract may cause digestive tract symptoms. Compression of the diaphragm may cause breathing difficulties and inability to lie flat.

(4) Due to the rapid growth of the tumor, malnutrition and weight loss occur, forming cachexia.

(5) Symptoms may occur due to tumor metastasis. Ovarian malignant tumors rarely cause pain. However, if the tumor ruptures, bleeds, or becomes infected, or if it infiltrates and compresses adjacent organs, it may cause abdominal pain or back pain.

(6) Menstrual disorders and vaginal bleeding may occur. If both ovaries are destroyed by cancerous tissue, it may cause menstrual disorders and amenorrhea. Lung metastasis may cause coughing, hemoptysis, and pleural effusion. Bone metastasis may cause severe pain in the local metastatic site. Intestinal metastasis may cause blood in the stool, and severe cases may cause intestinal obstruction.

(7) In addition, if it is a functional tumor, it may produce corresponding symptoms of excess estrogen or androgen. For example, it may cause early dysfunctional uterine bleeding, vaginal bleeding after menopause, or signs of masculinization. Late-stage patients may show obvious emaciation, severe anemia, and other cachexia symptoms. During gynecological examination, scattered hard nodules and lumps may be felt in the posterior fornix of the vagina. Most of them are bilateral, substantial, with uneven surfaces, fixed, and often accompanied by bloody ascites. Sometimes enlarged lymph nodes may be felt in the groin, axilla, or supraclavicular region.

The above is some knowledge about ovarian cancer that we have prepared for you today. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you have any other needs, you can also consult our online consulting experts of Feihua Health Network. We are always here to answer your questions. Feihua Health Network is always by your side and cares about your health issues! Feihua Health Network wishes you good health!

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