Do you know what are the symptoms of bladder cancer?

The bladder is a part of the human body and is a urine storage organ. In mammals, it is a sac-shaped structure composed of smooth muscle, located in the pelvis, and its rear end opening is connected to the urethra. There is a sphincter at the junction of the bladder and the urethra that can control the discharge of urine. So what are the symptoms of bladder cancer? Let's learn about this knowledge together.

We all know that cancer is the abnormal growth of cells in the human body. When these extra cells grow together and form a cell group, it is called a tumor. In the case of bladder cancer, this growth occurs in the bladder. The symptoms of bladder cancer are divided into early, middle and late stages. They are mainly manifested in:

1. Early symptoms:

1. The most common symptom of bladder cancer is hematuria that can be seen with the naked eye without any feeling. This is a unique "abnormal urination signal" of bladder cancer. Almost every bladder cancer patient will experience it, and about 85% of bladder cancer patients seek medical treatment for this reason. There are two types of hematuria: macroscopic hematuria and microscopic hematuria. Macroscopic hematuria refers to bloody urine that can be seen directly with the eyes, and microscopic hematuria refers to red blood cells that can be found in the urine under a microscope. Hematuria caused by bladder cancer is mostly painless and intermittent. Most cases are full-course hematuria, and a few are terminal hematuria. Hematuria accompanied by frequent urination and urgency is less common.

2. Frequent and urgent urination: If the tumor grows in the bladder triangle, bladder irritation may appear earlier. If urination pain occurs, it is no longer in the early stage. In short, if middle-aged and elderly people suddenly have unexplained hematuria, it is the earliest signal of bladder cancer5aA1aK.

3. If the tumor invades widely and deeply, pain may occur, which is aggravated by bladder contraction and urine retention. If the tumor is located at the bladder neck, it may cause urethral obstruction and even urinary retention. If the tumor invades the urethral orifice, hydronephrosis and ascending infection may occur. Severe patients may develop sepsis and uremia, and cachexia may occur in the late stage.

Second, mid-term symptoms:

Patients with early bladder cancer often have no special positive signs, and positive signs often appear in the middle and late stages of the disease. For example, when superficial lymph nodes metastasize, they will show enlarged lymph nodes; when lungs metastasize, they will show weakened lung breath sounds, or combined dry and wet rales;

When the tumor infiltrates into the muscle layer, pain symptoms may occur. If the tumor is large and affects the bladder capacity, or the tumor occurs in the bladder neck, or severe bleeding forms blood clots that affect urine flow, it may cause difficulty in urination or even urinary retention.

3. Late stage symptoms:

1. Hematuria. Hematuria is the most typical symptom of bladder cancer from early to late stages, and more than 90% of patients have this symptom. Hematuria is divided into two types: macroscopic hematuria and microscopic hematuria. Macroscopic hematuria refers to bloody urine that can be seen directly, while microscopic hematuria refers to red blood cells mixed in the urine that can only be found under a microscope. Hematuria occurs intermittently, and once it occurs, it can be whole-course hematuria or terminal hematuria.

2. A palpable mass appears in the lower abdomen.

3. Urinary tract irritation. Urinary tract irritation combined with hematuria will cause the discharge of slough-like substances, lumps, and blood clots.

4. Painful, frequent, and urgent urination.

5. Long-term chronic symptoms of urinary tract infection.

6. Others. If the tumor invades the ureteral orifice or grows at the ureteral orifice, it will cause ureteral dilatation, leading to hydronephrosis and kidney enlargement. When the tumor metastasizes to the lungs, liver, and bones, symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, abnormal liver function, pain in the liver area, and bone pain will occur.

7. In addition to the symptoms described above, there are some typical signs in the late stage of bladder cancer, such as weight loss, anemia, swollen lymph nodes, weakened breath sounds, jaundice, cachexia, etc.

Other symptoms and complications

Systemic symptoms of bladder cancer include nausea, loss of appetite, fever, weight loss, anemia, cachexia, leukemoid reaction, etc. It may also lead to a series of complications, such as bladder cancer pain, severe hematuria, urinary retention, bleeding, pelvic infection, rectal injury, anuria, wound rupture, etc.

The above is the knowledge about the symptoms of bladder cancer introduced by bladder cancer experts. I hope it can be helpful to everyone. If you have any other needs, you can also consult our online consulting experts. We are always here to answer your questions.

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