What is the metastatic pathway of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer metastasis and complications trouble many patients and their families. Relevant data show that the cause of cancer is still unclear. Clinically, it is believed that it may be related to some factors, such as external factors such as environmental pollution, air, water, diet and lifestyle habits, and internal factors such as gender, age, blood type, and genetics.

1. Direct infiltration:

Gastric cancer can directly invade adjacent tissues and organs. Cancerous tissue infiltrates the stomach wall and can invade blood vessels and lymphatic vessels to form cancer thrombi. It can also invade the lower end of the esophagus and duodenum, and can also directly spread to the omentum, transverse colon, pancreas, and liver.

2. Hematogenous metastasis:

It often occurs in the late stage of gastric cancer, and the common organs involved are the liver and lungs. Once the cancer cells enter the general circulation, they can form metastatic foci in the bones, brain, adrenal glands, kidneys, spleen, thyroid glands and skin. Liver metastasis of gastric cancer can sometimes be the first symptom of gastric cancer. Most of them spread through the portal blood and form multiple nodular metastatic foci in the liver. The treatment of intrahepatic lesions is generally less effective.

3. Lymphatic metastasis:

It is the most common way for gastric cancer to metastasize. As the depth and breadth of tumor invasion increase, the number of lymph node metastases also gradually increases. For example, the lymphatic source of the stomach is connected to the left supraclavicular lymph node, and cancer cells can metastasize to the left supraclavicular lymph node or even to both sides along the thoracic duct. Gastric cancer cells often enter the liver through the portal vein to form liver metastases. In addition, they metastasize along the blood vessels to cause metastatic disease in the lungs, bones, brain, ovaries, skin, etc. Cancer cells invade the gastric serosa and then fall off, spreading to the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity, causing ascites.

4. Peritoneal implantation metastasis:

Gastric cancer can invade the serosa and detach into the abdominal cavity, causing implantation. It is seen in the abdominal cavity, mesentery, intestinal wall and pelvic cavity, which are all in the late stage of the disease. Clinically, cancerous peritonitis, large amounts of bloody ascites, intestinal compression and obstruction are all caused by gastric cancer metastasis.

The above is the way gastric cancer metastasizes. Expert Tip: If you have symptoms of disease, do not delay diagnosis and go to a regular hospital for treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation.

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