Swelling and pain on both sides of the lower abdomen

There is bloating and pain on both sides of the lower abdomen, which is most likely a manifestation of enteritis. Enteritis is also an intestinal disease with a high incidence rate. If it is not treated in time, it will not only cause great pain to the patient, but also affect the patient's absorption of various nutrients in the long run. Below, we will introduce in detail the treatment and prevention methods of enteritis.

1. Pathogen treatment

Viral enteritis generally does not require pathogen treatment and can heal on its own. For bacterial enteritis, it is best to select antibiotics based on the results of bacterial drug sensitivity tests. When suffering from bacillary dysentery, because Shigella dysenteriae is widely resistant to commonly used antibiotics, the generally used drugs are co-trimoxazole (cotrimoxazole), pipemidic acid, gentamicin, amikacin, etc. Campylobacter jejuni enteritis can be treated with erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, etc. Yersinia enterocolitica enteritis is generally treated with gentamicin, kanamycin, co-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, etc. Patients with mild Salmonella enteritis may not need antibiotics, while patients with severe cases can use chloramphenicol or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Invasive Escherichia coli enteritis can be treated with neomycin, colistin and gentamicin with good results. Amebic dysentery, enteritis caused by Giardia lamblia, and Trichomonas can be treated with metronidazole (Flagyl). Schistosomiasis can be treated with praziquantel. Oral nystatin is effective in treating Candida albicans enteritis. Patients with systemic fungal infection need to be treated with amphotericin B.

2. Symptomatic treatment

Replenish fluids and correct electrolyte and acidosis. For those who are mildly dehydrated and do not vomit severely, oral rehydration can be given. The WHO-recommended oral rehydration formula is sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, glucose or sucrose, and water. For patients with severe dehydration or vomiting, normal saline, isotonic sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride solutions, and glucose can be given intravenously.

3. Prevention

We should strengthen our exercise and improve our physical fitness. Do not eat meat and offal from sick or dead animals. Meat, poultry, eggs, etc. must be cooked before consumption. Do not eat rotten or spoiled food, do not drink raw water, scald fruits and vegetables before eating them raw, and develop a good habit of washing hands before meals and after going to the toilet. Strengthen food hygiene management and prohibit the sale of spoiled food or food contaminated by Salmonella. Pay close attention to food preparation hygiene to prevent food contamination. Do a good job in water source protection, drinking water management and disinfection.

Drugs that reduce intestinal motility and secretion. Atropine, belladonna, and propantheline can be used in small amounts to reduce intestinal motility, relieve pain, and stop diarrhea. Chlorpromazine can also be used. It has a sedative effect and can inhibit excessive secretion of intestinal mucosa caused by enterotoxins, thereby reducing the frequency and amount of bowel movements.