The efficacy and function of chlortetracycline

There are many antibiotics in our lives. Most of them are used to eliminate inflammation in the human body. Because there are always some people who often have inflammation in their bodies, they will have a fever at this time, so they need to take some antibiotics to reduce inflammation. Chlortetracycline is a common anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory drug is similar to tetracycline. So what are the effects and functions of chlortetracycline?

Chlortetracycline is a golden yellow crystalline powder produced by fermentation of Streptomyces aureofacieus. The fermentation broth is acidified and filtered to obtain a precipitate, which is dissolved in ethanol and then acidified to obtain a crude product, which is then dissolved and salified to obtain hydrochloride crystals.

The effect and antibacterial spectrum of this product are the same as those of tetracycline, but it has the greatest adverse reactions among tetracyclines (chlortetracycline > oxytetracycline > tetracycline)

Synthesis method

It is produced by fermentation of Streptomyces aureus. The fermentation is acidified and filtered to obtain a precipitate, which is dissolved in ethanol and then acidified to obtain a crude product, which is then dissolved and salified to obtain its hydrochloride crystals.

use

Chlortetracycline has inhibitory effects on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and can be used to treat typhoid fever, white diarrhea and other diseases in livestock and poultry. It can also be used as a growth promoter in pig feed. For broiler feed under 10 weeks of age, the dosage is 20-50g/t, with a withdrawal period of 7 days; for pig feed under 2 months of age, the dosage is 25-75g/t, with a withdrawal period of 7 days.

Pharmacological Action

Chlortetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. Many Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, atypical mycobacteria, and spirochetes are sensitive to chlortetracycline. Enterococci are resistant to it. Due to the widespread use of tetracyclines over the years, common clinical pathogens have become seriously resistant to chloramphenicol, including Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and most Enterobacteriaceae. There is cross-resistance between chlortetracycline and different types of tetracyclines. The mechanism of action of chloramphenicol is that the drug can specifically bind to the A position of the bacterial ribosome 30S subunit, inhibiting the growth of the peptide chain and affecting the synthesis of bacterial proteins. [4][4]

Expert Comments

Because its aqueous solution is unstable and is more easily destroyed in neutral or alkaline solutions, tablets, powdered sugar, granules and injections were eliminated in 1982. It is now mostly used as a raw material for external preparations, such as eye ointment for eye infections.

Chromatography test

Test principle

DNA

Chlortetracycline is a highly effective broad-spectrum antibiotic that has a strong inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogens and is often used to treat various infectious diseases in animals. However, its residues in animal meat, milk, eggs and other foods seriously threaten human health and can cause diseases such as aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis. Low concentrations of drug residues can also induce drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Many countries, including the European Union and the United States, have explicitly banned the use of CAP in the production of animal-derived foods and have established strict limit standards. After joining the WTO, pesticide and veterinary drug residues have increasingly become technical barriers for developed countries to restrict China's exports of agricultural and sideline products. On January 30, 2002, the European Commission issued Resolution 2002/69/EC, banning the import of animal-derived food from China on the grounds that chlortetracycline was detected in shrimps imported from China, directly causing economic losses of more than US$600 million to China's aquatic product exports.

The detection methods for haptens (molecular weight <1000Da) such as chlortetracycline usually use enzyme-linked immunosorbent reaction (ELISA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). However, these methods require long experimental time and correspondingly expensive experimental equipment, and are mainly limited to use in laboratories. With people's increasing attention to food safety and the rapid growth of import and export trade, there is an urgent need for a method that can quickly and stably detect pesticide and veterinary drug residues. Colloidal gold immunochromatographic test strips have been widely used in the diagnosis and detection of small molecules due to their ease of use. Test strips have been developed for the detection of pesticide and veterinary drug residues such as streptomycin and sulfadiazine. This experiment developed an immunochromatographic test strip for rapid detection of chloramphenicol residues, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, quick operation, and no need for additional equipment. It is suitable for processing companies to inspect and accept raw and auxiliary materials, personnel medication, finished product analysis, and farms to detect inputs.