What is the reason for frequent urination after drinking

In fact, quite a lot of people will have frequent urination after drinking. There is no need to worry about this. As long as it is within a certain range, it is normal. Unless this problem still occurs a long time after drinking, you need to go to the hospital for examination, because there may be some problems, such as endocrine and metabolic diseases, which can cause symptoms of frequent urination.

1. Endocrine and metabolic diseases

(1) Diabetes insipidus: Due to hypothalamic-neuropituitary dysfunction, the secretion of antidiuretic hormone decreases, causing the renal tubular reabsorption function to decrease and causing polyuria.

(2) Diabetes: Due to high blood sugar, a large amount of sugar is excreted in the urine, which can cause solute diuresis. Due to the increase in blood sugar, the body increases the amount of water intake in order to metabolize and dilute the blood, which is also a cause of polyuria.

(3) Potassium deficiency: In primary aldosteronism, due to hypothalamic-neuropituitary function, antidiuretic hormone secretion is too low, and the patient shows excessive thirst and polydipsia (daily water intake is more than 4 liters). Polyuria causes water loss, and as the urine volume increases, potassium loss in the urine increases, causing refractory hypokalemia. The urine volume increases and the relative density of urine is below 1.006. Long-term hypokalemia secondary to various reasons can cause renal tubular vacuolar degeneration or even tubular necrosis, which is called potassium-losing nephritis. Renal tubular potassium reabsorption is impaired, and a large amount of potassium is lost in the urine. Patients show thirst and polyuria. Laboratory tests show that in addition to hypokalemia, impaired tubular function is its characteristic.

(4) Hypercalcemia: In cases of hyperparathyroidism or multiple myeloma, elevated blood calcium damages the renal tubules, causing a decrease in their reabsorption function and resulting in polyuria. It is also prone to the formation of urinary stones, which further damages the renal tubular function and worsens the condition.

2. Polyuria caused by kidney disease is seen in the early stages of chronic renal failure, which is characterized by increased nocturnal urine volume. Polyuria can occur in the polyuric phase of acute renal failure or in non-oliguric acute renal failure, and is a manifestation of renal tubular concentrating dysfunction. Polyuria is common in renal tubular acidosis. Type I renal tubular acidosis, also known as distal renal tubular acidosis, is caused by dysfunction of the distal renal tubules in hydrogen and ammonia secretion, manifesting as refractory metabolic acidosis, alkaline urine, the pH value of urine is generally above 6, hyperchloremia, hypokalemia, hypostenic acidemia, and hypocalcemia. Type II renal tubular acidosis is a metabolic acidosis caused by an impairment of the proximal renal tubules' absorption of titanium bicarbonate. Since the proximal renal tubules cannot completely reabsorb sugar, increased urinary sugar excretion is characterized by renal glycosuria. Type III renal tubular acidosis is a condition in which both the proximal and distal renal tubules are damaged, and its clinical features have characteristics of both types I and II. Type IV renal tubular acidosis is caused by a lack of aldosterone or insensitivity and hyporesponsiveness of the distal renal tubules to aldosterone, resulting in polyuria, metabolic acidosis, and hyperkalemia. The common characteristics of various types of renal tubular acidosis are: polydipsia, polyuria, metabolic acidosis, alkaline urine, and urine pH above 6. Types II and III may present with renal diabetes, and type IV presents with hyperkalemia.