What is the function of genetic material in the human body

There are some bad genes and some good genes in the human body, and the birth of a child is a combination of the genes of his parents, including both good genes and some bad genes. Therefore, the child's constitution should be judged based on the parents' constitution. Let us take a look at the functions of genetic material in the human body.

The nature of genetic material

Definition: A substance that transfers genetic information between parents and offspring.

Chemical nature: Except for some viruses whose genetic material is RNA and prions whose genetic material is protein, the genetic material of other viruses and all organisms with typical cell structure is DNA.

Location: This substance is the main component of chromosomes. It also exists in organelles outside the cell nucleus, such as plastids and mitochondria.

Basic characteristics: relative stability, ability to self-replicate, maintaining a certain degree of continuity between previous and subsequent generations and being able to produce heritable variations.

Conclusion: The genetic material of the vast majority of organisms (cellular organisms and DNA viruses) is DNA, so DNA is the main genetic material.

condition

1. Ability to replicate itself accurately during cell growth and reproduction

2Can store huge amounts of genetic information

3. Can guide protein synthesis, thereby controlling metabolism and biological properties

4Can pass on genetic information between offspring

5 The structure is stable and can produce heritable variations.

Conversion process

Purpose of the experiment: To study which is the genetic material between DNA and protein.

Principle of the test: S-type pneumococcus can cause pneumonia in humans or sepsis in small animals; R-type pneumococcus has little effect on humans and animals.

Transformation test

In the experiment, Avery et al. found that the higher the purity of the DNA, the more effective the transformation.

experiment

It was proved that T2 bacteriophage is a virus that specifically parasitizes Escherichia coli and that DNA is the genetic material.