Pneumonia Malabsorption

In fact, once pneumonia occurs, it cannot be completely cured and may recur, especially when the seasons change. This will cause your body to be in a sub-healthy state and even cause malabsorption. Therefore, people need to improve their immunity first, do more exercise, and avoid going to crowded places.

Causes of aspiration pneumonia: In normal people, due to the synergistic effects of the epiglottis, glottis, protective reflexes and swallowing, food and foreign objects are not easy to enter the lower respiratory tract, and a small amount of liquid can also be expelled through coughing. When the patient is unconscious, such as under general anesthesia, cerebrovascular accident, epileptic seizure, alcohol poisoning or sleeping pill poisoning, due to the lack of coordination between swallowing and glottal closure, coughing is suppressed and foreign matter can be inhaled. Esophageal lesions such as esophageal achalasia, upper esophageal cancer, Zenks esophageal diverticulum may prevent all swallowed food from entering the stomach and flowing back into the trachea. In esophageal tracheal fistula caused by cancer or trauma, food may enter the trachea directly through the esophagus. Iatrogenic factors, such as gastric tube irritating the pharynx to cause vomiting, endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy affecting laryngeal function and inhibiting normal pharyngeal movement, may cause vomitus to be inhaled into the airway. Elderly people with poor responsiveness are more susceptible to aspiration pneumonia. Aspiration pneumonia caused by inhalation of gastric contents is common in clinical practice. Accidental inhalation of kerosene, gasoline, dry-cleaning agents, etc. is more common in children.

The severity of pneumonia caused by aspiration is related to the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice, the amount inhaled, and its distribution in the lungs. When the pH of inhaled gastric acid is less than 2.5, it can seriously damage lung tissue, and inhalation of as little as 50 ml of liquid can cause lung damage. Animal experiments have shown that when animals inhale 3 ml/kg of liquid with a pH value less than 1.5, 100% of them die. The more widespread the aspirated fluid is, the more severe the damage.

After aspiration of gastric contents, gastric acid can immediately cause chemical burns to the airways and lungs. Stimulation of the bronchus causes severe spasm of the bronchial wall, followed by an acute inflammatory response of the bronchial epithelium and peribronchial inflammatory infiltration. The gastric juice that enters the alveoli quickly spreads to the lung tissue, causing destruction and degeneration of the alveolar epithelial cells, and affecting the capillary walls, increasing the permeability of the blood vessel walls, and causing fluid to leak out of the blood vessels, causing edema and hemorrhagic pneumonia. At the same time, due to the destruction of the alveolar capillary membrane, interstitial pulmonary edema is formed. After a few days, the edema and bleeding in the alveoli are gradually absorbed and replaced by hyaline membranes.