How to prevent allergic rhinitis

Many people may suffer from allergic rhinitis. If this happens, it will cause great harm to your body. It is especially necessary to prevent it. Otherwise, it will cause very serious symptoms and make you sneeze all the time. You will not be able to work and study well. The best way to treat the lower limbs is to undergo relevant drug treatment.

(2) Avoid allergens during the corresponding pollen allergy season.

(3) Patients who are allergic to animal fur should avoid allergens.

2. Medication

The following factors should be considered: efficacy, safety, cost/effectiveness ratio, etc. Intranasal and oral administration are commonly used, and the efficacy may vary between different patients. There is no long-term sustained efficacy after discontinuation of the drug, so maintenance treatment is required for persistent allergic rhinitis. Prolonged treatment does not lead to rapid drug resistance. Intranasal administration has many advantages. High concentrations of drugs can act directly on the nose, avoiding or reducing systemic side effects. However, for patients with other allergic diseases, drugs need to act on different target organs, and intranasal administration is not the best choice. Systemic drug treatment is recommended. Pregnant patients should use various drugs with caution.

(1) Antihistamines Oral or nasal second-generation or new H1 antihistamines can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose. It is suitable for mild intermittent and mild persistent allergic rhinitis, and can be used in combination with nasal corticosteroids to treat moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.

(2) Nasal corticosteroids can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose and sneezing. For critically ill patients who do not respond to other drug treatments or cannot tolerate nasal medications, oral corticosteroids can be used for short-term treatment.

(3) Anti-leukotriene drugs are effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma.

(4) Chromone drugs are effective in relieving nasal symptoms, and eye drops are effective in relieving eye symptoms.

(5) Intranasal decongestants can relieve nasal congestion symptoms caused by nasal congestion, and the course of treatment should be controlled within 7 days.

(6) Intranasal anticholine drugs can effectively suppress runny nose.

(7) Some Chinese medicines are effective in relieving symptoms. The treatment principles for children and the elderly are the same as those for adults, but special attention should be paid to avoiding adverse drug reactions.

3. Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy induces clinical and immunological tolerance with long-term effects, preventing the development of allergic diseases. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is commonly used by subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration. The treatment course is divided into a dose accumulation phase and a dose maintenance phase, and the total treatment course is no less than 2 years. Standardized allergen vaccines should be used.

(1) Indications: It is mainly used for patients with allergic rhinitis who are not responsive to conventional drug treatment.

(2) Contraindications: ① Asthma attack period; ② The patient is currently using beta-blockers; ③ Complications with other immune diseases; ④ Pregnant women; ⑤ The patient is unable to understand the risks and limitations of treatment.

Immunotherapy may cause local and systemic adverse reactions.

4. Surgical treatment

The indications are that the nasal congestion symptoms have not improved after medication or immunotherapy, there are obvious physical signs, and the quality of life is affected; there are obvious anatomical variations in the nasal cavity, accompanied by functional disorders; combined with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, and drug treatment is ineffective. Surgical treatment is not a routine treatment for allergic rhinitis.