What tests should I do for chest pain

In life, if we always have chest pain symptoms for no reason, we can go to the hospital to check the cause of the disease. The way to check chest pain is to use physical examination and instrument examination. We can use medical equipment to observe the chest echocardiogram. Chest X-ray and ultrasound can correctly determine whether there is a lesion in the chest. When we go to the hospital for examination, we must cooperate with the doctor to take relevant preparatory measures.

Physical examination

Chest wall diseases can be diagnosed by inspection and palpation. For diseases of the intrathoracic organs, a detailed physical examination is required. Visual examination of unilateral chest fullness should indicate pleural effusion. Increased tactile fremitus is mainly seen in pneumonia. Dullness or solid sound on percussion should be considered in pneumonia, pulmonary infarction, lung cancer, and pleural mesothelioma; tympanic sound on percussion should be considered in pneumothorax. In patients with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, the heart borders are normal or enlarged, the heart rate is increased, and abnormal findings are found on auscultation. Abdominal dirty crying diseases will have corresponding abdominal signs.

Laboratory tests

Routine blood test is a routine examination, and changes in white blood cells can provide certain basis. Bacteriological examination of sputum can identify the pathogens of pneumonia and tuberculosis, and exfoliative cytology examination is helpful in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Chemical analysis and cytological examination of cerebral and pericardial puncture fluid are helpful for diagnosis. Increased blood and urine myoglobin and serum myocardial enzymes are helpful in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

Equipment inspection

Diseases of the thoracic visceral organs require the use of relevant instrumental examinations to confirm the diagnosis. For example, electrocardiogram examinations can help diagnose angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction. Echocardiography is important for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion and observation of the amount of effusion, and confirms the diagnosis of valvular disease. Chest X-ray examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of modern chest diseases. Conventional X-ray examination can display images of many chest lesions as the basis for diagnosis of lesions such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary infarction, lung cancer, pleural lesions, pneumothorax, etc. CT examination has very high resolution, diagnostic readiness and sensitivity. CT is a cross-sectional display of chest cross-sectional images. It has a good display effect on lesions beside the mediastinum, around the diaphragm and under the pleura, and can often distinguish between lesions of blood vessels, fat, water and various soft tissue densities. It is often used to identify mediastinal lesions, enlarged hilar lesions, tiny lesions in the lungs and pleural lesions. MRI examination is capable of coronal and sagittal tomographic imaging. It also has the advantages of higher resolution for soft tissue in the mediastinum, and can directly perform three-dimensional or even arbitrary-angle oblique imaging, which is more conducive to the display and location of lesions. However, CT and MRI examinations should not be the first choice for chest lesions and can only be used as a method for further examination. Radionuclide scanning is helpful in the diagnosis of pulmonary infarction, space-occupying lesions in the lungs, and myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization is of particular value in the diagnosis of congenital and certain acquired cardiovascular diseases, and is also meaningful for the diagnosis of lung diseases. Fiberoptic bronchoscope can penetrate deep into the facial and subsegmental bronchi, and can perform biopsy and brushing under direct vision, as well as biopsy pathology. Microbiology, cytology, immunology, and molecular biology examinations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are very helpful for the etiology and pathological diagnosis of lung diseases. Thoracoscopic examination is used for the diagnosis of pleural diseases, classification and treatment of pneumothorax.