What are the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency

There are many types of vitamins, common vitamins include ABCD, etc., which are indispensable substances in our human body. If you lack vitamins, the mild symptoms are various physical discomforts, fatigue, lack of strength, etc. In severe cases, it can also lead to anemia and other diseases. Vitamin C is one of the vitamins we often talk about. We also supplement the vitamin in our body by eating fruits. For example, we will eat more grapefruit to supplement vitamin C. What happens if you lack vitamin C?

1. The synthesis of collagen requires the participation of vitamin C, so if VC is deficient, collagen cannot be synthesized normally, leading to cell connection disorders. The human body is composed of cells, which are connected by intercellular matrix, and the key component of the intercellular matrix is ​​collagen. Collagen accounts for 1/3 of the body's protein, produces connective tissue, and forms the body's skeleton. Such as bones, blood vessels, ligaments, etc., they determine the elasticity of the skin, protect the brain, and help heal human trauma.

2. scurvy. The strength of blood vessel walls has a lot to do with VC. Microvessels are the smallest of all blood vessels. The walls of microvessels may be only as thick as a cell. Their strength and elasticity are determined by collagen, which acts as glue and connects cells. When there is insufficient VC in the body, the capillaries are prone to rupture and blood flows into nearby tissues. If this happens on the surface of the skin, it will cause bruises and purpura; if it happens inside the body, it will cause pain and joint swelling. In severe cases, bleeding may occur in the stomach, intestines, nose, kidneys and under the periosteum, and even death may occur.

3. Gum recession and bleeding. Healthy gums tightly wrap around each tooth. Gums are soft tissues, and when they lack protein, calcium, and vitamin C, they are prone to gum atrophy and bleeding.

4. Prevent arteriosclerosis. It can promote the excretion of cholesterol, prevent cholesterol from depositing on the inner wall of arteries, and even dissolve deposited atherosclerotic plaques.

5. Vitamin C is a powerful water-soluble antioxidant. It can protect other antioxidants, such as vitamin A, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, and prevent free radicals from harming the human body.

6. Treat anemia. It reduces the difficult-to-absorb trivalent iron into divalent iron, promotes the intestinal absorption of iron, improves the liver's utilization of iron, and helps treat iron deficiency anemia.

7. Prevent cancer. Rich collagen helps prevent the spread of cancer cells; the antioxidant effect of VC can resist the damage of free radicals to cells and prevent cell mutation; it can block nitrite and secondary amines from forming nitrosamines, a strong carcinogen. Someone once performed an autopsy on a patient who died of cancer and found that the VC content in the patient's body was almost zero.

8. Protect cells, detoxify, and protect the liver. In human life activities, it is crucial to ensure the integrity of cells and the normal metabolism. For this purpose, glutathione and enzymes play an important role.

Glutathione is a short peptide composed of glutamic acid, cystine and glycine, which has redox effects in the body. It exists in two forms, oxidized and reduced. The reduced form plays an important role in ensuring the integrity of cell membranes. VC is a strong antioxidant. It is oxidized itself, which reduces oxidized glutathione to reduced glutathione, thereby exerting an antioxidant effect.

Enzymes are catalysts for biochemical reactions, and some enzymes require free thiol (-SH) groups to remain active. VC can reduce disulfide bonds (-SS) to -SH, thereby increasing the activity of related enzymes and exerting an antioxidant effect.

From the above, we can see that as long as VC is sufficient, VC, glutathione, and -SH will form a powerful antioxidant combination to scavenge free radicals, prevent lipid peroxidation and the toxic effects of certain chemicals, and protect the liver's detoxification ability and normal cell metabolism.

9. Improve body's immunity.

White blood cells are rich in VC, which decreases sharply when the body is infected. VC can enhance the chemotaxis and deformability of neutrophils and improve their bactericidal ability. Promote the formation of lymphoblasts and improve the body's recognition and killing of foreign and malignant cells. Participates in the synthesis of immunoglobulins. Improve the activity of CI complement esterase and increase the production of complement CI. Promote the production of interferon, interfere with the transcription of viral mRNA, and inhibit viral proliferation.

10. Improve the body's emergency response capabilities. When the human body is subjected to abnormal stimulation, such as severe pain, cold, lack of oxygen, and strong mental stimulation, it will induce a state of tension in order to resist the abnormal stimulation. This state is accompanied by a series of physical effects, including sympathetic nerve excitement, adrenal medulla and increased cortical hormone secretion. Epinephrine and norepinephrine secreted by the adrenal medulla are converted from tyrosine, and the participation of VC is required in this process.