What is the muscle next to the neck called

There is a muscle between our neck and shoulders called the trapezius muscle, which is divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower. When we shrug, the upper part of the trapezius muscle is involved, the prone movement stimulates the middle part of the trapezius muscle, and the pull-down movement stimulates the lower part. If we want to exercise the muscles in this area, we must first ensure that we stand straight and not hunchback. We can exercise with dumbbells.

The trapezius muscle is located under the skin of the neck and back. One side is triangular, and the left and right sides are combined to form a trapezoid. The trapezius muscle connects the shoulder girdle bones to the base of the skull and vertebrae, and serves to suspend the shoulder girdle bones. Location

Superficial muscles of the upper and mid-back

shape

External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line

Kinesiology anatomy

It originates from the external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra and all thoracic vertebrae. The fibers are divided into upper, middle and lower parts, which end at the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, the scapular spine and the acromion respectively. When nearly fixed, the upper fibers contract, causing the scapula to lift, rotate upward, and retract; the middle fibers contract, causing the scapula to retract and rotate upward; and the lower fibers contract, causing the scapula to descend and rotate upward. During distal fixation, one side contracts to flex the head to the same side and rotate it to the opposite side; both sides contract to straighten the head and spine. Developing this muscle during childhood can prevent and correct hunchback.

Arteries supplying the trapezius muscle

The main one is the transverse carotid artery, with some smaller secondary arteries. The transverse cervical artery mostly originates from the thyrocervical trunk or subclavian artery, runs outward through the brachial plexus (or passes in front of it), and reaches the anterior edge of the levator scapulae muscle. It is divided into superficial branches and deep branches. The superficial branches are distributed in the deep surface of the trapezius muscle, and the deep branches run in the deep surface of the levator scapulae muscle and rhomboid muscle. There is anastomosis between the anterior and deep branches, and they anastomose with the suprascapular artery and circumflex scapular artery to form the scapular artery network.

Trapezius vein

The venous blood of the trapezius muscle mainly returns to the external jugular vein and subclavian vein through the transverse cervical vein and suprascapular vein. There may be 1 to 3 accompanying veins of the transverse carotid artery. There are 57 arteries accompanied by one vein, accounting for 89.06% of the arteries; there are 5 arteries accompanied by two veins. It accounts for 7.81%; there are 2 arteries accompanied by 3 veins, accounting for 3.13%.

Nerve of the trapezius muscle

The trapezius muscle is innervated by the 11th cranial nerve accessory nerve and the anterior rami of the third and fourth cervical nerves. The accessory nerve enters the deep surface of the trapezius muscle through the anterior edge, runs along with the superficial branch of the transverse cervical artery, passes near the root of the scapular spine, and then runs along with the deep branch of the transverse cervical artery to reach the lower part of the muscle. The length of the 56 accessory nerves from the posterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to the anterior edge of the trapezius muscle was (45.01±1.10) mm, and the thickness of the accessory nerve was (2.12±0.07) mm. The branches of the anterior rami of the third and fourth cervical nerves, after emerging from the cervical plexus, extend outward and downward to the anterior edge of the trapezius muscle and meet and run parallel to the accessory nerve.