Chronic pharyngitis with blood in sputum

Blood in sputum is a relatively obvious symptom of chronic pharyngitis, which is a problem that troubles many people. This chronic disease is difficult to eradicate and has a very high recurrence rate, but it is not untreatable. There are many ways to treat chronic pharyngitis, including removing the cause, lifestyle changes, local treatment, etc. Local treatment is divided into: treatment of chronic simple pharyngitis, treatment of chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis, atrophic and dry pharyngitis, etc.

1. Remove the cause

Quit smoking and drinking, and actively treat the primary diseases that cause chronic pharyngitis (acute pharyngitis, chronic inflammation of the nose and nasopharynx, reflux gastroesophageal disease, and improve work and living environment).

2. Lifestyle changes

Perform appropriate physical exercise, maintain a normal work and rest schedule, eat a light diet, and maintain a good mental state to improve the local functional state of the pharyngeal mucosa by enhancing one's overall immune function.

3. Local treatment

(1) Chronic simple pharyngitis

Compound borax, furazolidone solution, etc. are often used for gargling to keep the mouth and pharynx clean; or iodine lozenges, mint lozenges, etc. are taken sublingually to treat chronic inflammation of the pharynx; Chinese herbal preparations such as iodine lozenges also have a certain effect on chronic pharyngitis; compound iodine glycerin, 5% silver nitrate solution or 10% weak protein silver solution can be applied topically to the pharynx, which has astringent and anti-inflammatory effects; ultrasonic nebulization can relieve the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis; antibiotic treatment is generally not required.

(2) Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis

Treatment is more difficult and can be referred to chronic simple pharyngitis. In addition to the above methods, the raised lymph follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall can also be treated with chemical drugs or electrocoagulation, freezing or laser therapy. Chemical drugs often use 20% silver nitrate or chromic acid solution to burn enlarged lymph follicles. Electrocoagulation is rarely used nowadays due to its many side effects. Laser or radiofrequency therapy is often used to treat the posterior pharyngeal wall lymph follicles. The above methods of treating lymph follicles may increase mucosal scarring and may aggravate symptoms. In addition, ultrasonic atomization therapy, local ultraviolet irradiation and diathermy therapy also have auxiliary effects on hypertrophic pharyngitis.

(3) Atrophic and dry pharyngitis

The general treatment is the same as that for chronic simple pharyngitis, but cauterization should not be used. Small doses of iodine can be taken or applied topically to the throat to promote increased secretion of the mucosal epithelium; ultrasonic nebulization therapy can also relieve dryness symptoms. Taking vitamins A, B2, C, and E can promote the growth of pharyngeal mucosal epithelial tissue. For patients with dry pharyngitis, caution should be exercised when considering tonsillectomy to avoid worsening of the condition after surgery.

(4) Chronic allergic pharyngitis

Avoid contact with various possible allergens, use antihistamines or mast cell stabilizers, apply glucocorticoids and immunomodulators locally or systemically in the short term, etc.

(5) Chronic reflux pharyngitis

Avoid eating foods that promote gastric acid secretion, such as chocolate, spicy foods, etc. to reduce reflux in the throat and reduce irritation to the pharyngeal mucosa; control the amount of food and water intake 3 to 4 hours before bedtime. In addition to the general treatment of chronic pharyngitis, gastric acid inhibitors and gastric mucosal protectants can be used in combination for treatment, while gastric diseases can be actively treated at the same time.