Red rash on face due to cold

Many diseases are characterized by rashes, such as allergies, urticaria, chickenpox, etc. If you have a cold and a rash appears on your face, it is most likely caused by rubella, because rubella meets this condition very well. Therefore, after having a general understanding, you should compare your own situation with rubella. Even if it is confirmed to be rubella, you should go to a regular hospital for treatment as soon as possible. This disease is not suitable to be treated by yourself.

Rubella is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by rubella virus (RV), including congenital infection and acquired infection. Clinically, it is characterized by a short prodromal period, low fever, rash, and enlarged lymph nodes behind the ears and in the occipital region. Generally, the condition is mild, the course is short and the prognosis is good. However, rubella can easily cause outbreaks and can occur throughout the year, with more cases occurring in winter and spring. The susceptible age group is mainly 1 to 5 years old, so the epidemic is more common in preschool children. Although the clinical symptoms are mild when pregnant women are infected with rubella virus in the early stage, the virus can infect the fetus through the fetal-blood barrier. Regardless of whether the infection is obvious or not, it can lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) with congenital defects in the baby as the main feature, such as congenital fetal malformations, stillbirth, premature birth, etc. Therefore, early diagnosis and prevention of rubella is extremely important. There is no specific treatment for rubella, but the disease can be prevented through vaccination.

treat

1. General symptomatic treatment

Rubella patients generally have mild symptoms and do not require special treatment, mainly symptomatic treatment. Those with more pronounced symptoms should rest in bed and eat liquid or semi-liquid food. Symptomatic treatment can be given to patients with high fever, headache, cough, and conjunctivitis.

2. Treatment of complications

Patients with high fever, drowsiness, coma, and convulsions should be treated according to the principles of epidemic encephalitis B. For patients with severe bleeding tendency, adrenal cortex hormones can be used for treatment and fresh whole blood transfusion can be performed if necessary.

3. Congenital rubella

Asymptomatic infected persons do not require any special treatment. Those with severe symptoms should be treated accordingly: those with obvious bleeding may consider intravenous immunoglobulin and blood transfusion when necessary; the treatment principles for pneumonia, respiratory distress, jaundice, heart valve malformations, retinopathy, etc. are the same as other newborns; those with congestive heart failure and glaucoma need to be treated actively, and cataract treatment is best postponed until after 1 year of age; early and regular auditory brainstem evoked potential examinations should be performed to diagnose deafness early and intervene in time.

prevention

1. Immunization is an effective way to prevent rubella. Rubella vaccine is a live attenuated virus strain that has been used for more than 40 years. A single dose of vaccination can provide more than 95% long-term immunity, which is close to the immunity induced by natural infection.

2. Rubella vaccines are available as monovalent formulations (vaccines that target only one pathogen) or in combination with other vaccines, such as measles (MR), measles and mumps (MMR), or measles, mumps, and varicella (MMRV).

3. Adverse reactions after vaccination are generally mild. Possible reactions include: pain, redness, low-grade fever, rash, and muscle pain at the injection site.