Late-stage treatment of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor disease of the intestinal system, which has a huge impact on the human digestive system and body. With different causes of the disease, the symptoms are also different, and there are many different treatment methods during the treatment process.

1. Surgical treatment

The surgical method depends on the location of the cancer in the large intestine. There are two systems of submucosal lymphatic plexus and intermuscular lymphatic plexus in the large intestine wall. It is rare for cancer cells to metastasize to the lymphatic system in the intestinal wall. Once cancer cells penetrate the intestinal wall, they spread to the lymphatic system outside the intestinal wall. Once cancer cells spread, doctors will perform surgery to remove the lymphatic tissue adjacent to the cancer and above this plane, so as to achieve the purpose of "radical cure". However, this "radical cure" has a wide range of trauma and great damage to normal body tissues.

(ii) Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a treatment method that uses chemical drugs to kill tumor cells, inhibit the growth and reproduction of tumor cells, and promote the differentiation of tumor cells. It is a systemic treatment method that has a therapeutic effect on primary lesions, metastatic lesions, and subclinical metastatic lesions. However, chemotherapy kills normal cells and immune (resistance) cells while killing tumor cells. Therefore, chemotherapy is a "burn everything down" treatment method. However, chemotherapy itself has strong toxic side effects, so patients will experience various physical discomforts after receiving treatment. The most common symptoms are malignancy, vomiting, hair loss, loss of appetite, and decreased immunity.

3. Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy has been increasingly valued in the treatment of colorectal cancer. It is divided into two types: comprehensive treatment combined with surgery and simple radiotherapy. ① Preoperative radiotherapy can control the primary lesion, control lymph node metastasis, improve the resection rate and reduce local recurrence. ② Postoperative radiotherapy is suitable for pathological examination to confirm lymph node metastasis, the tumor has obviously infiltrated outside the intestinal wall, and there are residual lesions in the pelvic cavity that cannot be removed.

(IV) Tumor biological immunotherapy

Tumor biological immunotherapy (autologous cell immunotherapy) is a new breakthrough in the treatment of cancer in the medical field in the 21st century. It is the fourth treatment mode after traditional surgery and radiotherapy. Its main treatment principle is that autologous cell immunotherapy refers to the mononuclear cells separated from the patient's peripheral blood, which are activated and amplified in vitro and then injected into the patient's body to directly kill tumor cells or virus-infected cells, regulate and enhance the body's immune function.

The above introduces the treatment methods of colorectal cancer in clinical medicine. I hope it can attract everyone's attention and actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment. The doctor will choose the treatment method suitable for the patient based on the patient's onset characteristics, physical condition, and severity of the disease, so that the patient can recover health quickly.