Certain occupations may cause certain harm to human health, which is called occupational disease. For example, teachers may suffer from pharyngitis, varicose veins, etc. due to long-term talking, exposure to dust and long-term standing. Some mining workers are prone to pneumoconiosis. Any job is not easy, so what are the occupational hazards? People can learn more about this issue. 1. The main industries that produce pneumoconiosis and the symptoms after pneumoconiosis: Pneumoconiosis is the most widespread and most serious occupational disease in China. The main industries that produce dust and cause pneumoconiosis are: 1. Mining. The mining of various metals, coal mining and coal mining, as well as the mining of other non-metallic mines are the main working environments that produce pneumoconiosis. The main operations are rock drilling, blasting and pillar transportation. 2. Crushing, screening and transportation of ores in metal smelting industry. 3. Ore matching and shaping of castings, sand cleaning and blasting of castings and electric welding in machinery manufacturing industry. 4. Building materials industry, such as refractory materials: mining in glass, cement and stone production. Crushing, grinding, screening, mixing, etc. for the mining, transportation and textile of asbestos. 5. Tunneling and blasting for highway, railway, water conservancy and hydropower construction. 2. Asphalt and occupational skin diseases Asphalt dust can pollute the production environment, and vapor and dust can be inhaled through the respiratory tract and contaminate the skin, causing lesions. Workers engaged in loading, unloading and transporting asphalt may have their skin directly irritated by asphalt. 3. The incidence of occupational skin diseases in the coal mining industry is highest among coal miners, 3-4 times higher than that of other types of workers. 4. Organic solvent poisoning 1. Benzene poisoning Benzene is widely used in industrial production and is mainly absorbed through the respiratory tract. Only a small amount can be absorbed by the skin. The main contact opportunities are as follows: leather, fur and their products industry; furniture finishing; coating and pigment manufacturing industry; hydrogen peroxide preparation; paint; production of spices, drugs, synthetic fibers, plastics, dyes, etc.; used as a solvent in printing and other industries. 2. The trade name of n-hexane is also called white gasoline, oil washing water, etc. Some gasoline also contains n-hexane. n-Hexane poisoning damages the human nervous system. In the early stages, neurosis will occur. For example, when touching cold or hard objects, you will feel pain, followed by fatigue, and finally you will not be able to walk. It is relatively easy to prevent n-hexane poisoning. The main thing is to ensure good ventilation and detoxification to reduce the concentration of n-hexane in the air. 5. The most common metal poisoning is lead poisoning and manganese poisoning 1. Occupational lead poisoning exposure opportunities: lead mining; movable type typesetting; lead filling of musical instruments; battery manufacturing and repair; metal smelting; cable manufacturing; cloisonné and enamel manufacturing; paint, pigment, small solder, etc.; it is also common for children to be poisoned by lead from toys, pencils, etc. 2. Occupational exposure opportunities for manganese poisoning: electric welding with manganese electrodes; preparation of potassium permanganate; hot refining of cooked oil; match pulping; molten steel ingot casting; battery core preparation, etc. 6. The most common asphyxiating gas poisoning are carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide . 1. Opportunities of exposure to carbon monoxide poisoning: steelmaking, ironmaking, coking; blasting in mining; casting, forging; using carbon monoxide as a raw material to make phosgene, methanol, ammonia, etc.; kilns, gas generators, etc. 2. Chance of exposure to hydrogen sulfide poisoning: Hydrogen sulfide has the smell of rotten eggs. It is most likely to be exposed during the production process of organophosphorus pesticides and sulfur-containing compounds, and the production process of fertilizers using coal or crude oil as raw materials. |
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